The attributional reformulation of the learned helplessness model of depression proposes that causal attributions about negative outcomes play a causal role in reactive depression. This research tested this hypothesis by studying the causal role of attributions in depression in 180 college students. On two occasions separated by 1 month, students were administered a battery of tests that includ...

In teacher research, causal attributions of lowachievement have beenproven to be predictive of teachers’ efforts to provide optimal learning contexts for all students. In most studies, however, attributions have been studied as a between-teacher variable rather than a within-teacher variable assuming that teachers’ responses to low achievement are stable for different students in one classroom....

Four studies used experimental and correlational methods to test predictions about the antecedents of shame and guilt derived from an appraisal-based model of self-conscious emotions (Tracy & Robins, 2004). Results were consistent with the predicted relations between appraisals (i.e., causal attributions) and emotions. Specifically, (a) internal attributions were positively related to both sham...

Hostile attributions are an important predictor of aggression in children, but few studies have measured hostile attributions as they occur in real-time. The current study uses an interactive video racing game to measure hostile attributions while children played against a presumed peer. A sample of 75 children, ages 10-13, used nonverbal and verbal procedures to respond to ambiguous provocatio...

This study examined the role of attributions in the lapse and relapse process following substance abuse treatment. According to Marlatt and Gordon's theoretical framework, attributions made after a lapse (e.g., the Abstinence Violation Effect [AVE]) determine whether it progresses to a relapse. Also examined were the attributions of recovering drug users who were tempted but remained abstinent ...

OBJECTIVE Somatoform disorders (SFD) are defined by symptoms that lack medical explanation. This study examined the type and pattern of patients' causal attributions using a new semistructured interview technique METHODS The Causal Attributions Interview allows to assess and weigh 15 common explanations of physical symptoms. Attributions given by 79 patients with SFD were compared with those ...

The present study examined whether attributions for vulvo-vaginal pain predicted pain intensity, sexual function, as well as psychological and dyadic adjustment in women with vestibulodynia. Women with vestibulodynia (N = 77) completed measures of attributions, pain, psychological distress, sexual functioning, and dyadic adjustment. They also took part in a structured interview and a gynaecolog...

 Background: Clinical reasoning is generally defined as the numerous modes of thinking that guide clinical practice but little is known about the factors affecting how occupational therapists manage the decision-making process. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the factors influencing the clinical reasoning of occupational therapists. Methods: Twelve occupational therapy pr...

Presented clinical psychologists (N = 400) with statements of female client attributions for presenting problems with locus of causality varied. Clinicians' judgments of clients were investigated through their evaluations of the accuracy of these attributions. While clinician did not differ in estimate of accuracy based on whether attribution were internal or external, female clinicians were mo...

This study examined the role of emotion and relationship satisfaction in shaping attributions about a partner's intentions in couple interactions. Using video recall, participants (N = 156 couples) reported on their own and their partner's intentions and emotions during affective moments of a discussion about an upsetting event. Links were found between relationship satisfaction and factor-anal...