of the auditory ossicles in chronic otitis media patients. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in 30 ears with chronic otitis media. All cases underwent an axial multidetector computed tomography imaging study. In addition to the axial images, sagittal and coronal multiplanar two-dimensional reformations and three-dimensional reconstructions were generated. Auditory ossicles were ...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Morphology 3.1. Amphibian morphology 3.2. Reptile morphology 3.3. Avian morphology 3.4. Mammalian morphology 4. Neural crest origin of the skeletal elements 5. Signal mechanisms patterning neural crest contributions 6. Mesenchymal condensation 7. Chondrogenesis and osteogenesis 8. Skeletal elements: ossicles 8.1. Columella 8.2. Mouse ossicles – malleus 8.3. Incus ...

Human middle-ear is the key component of the auditory system. Its function is to transfer the sound waves through the ear canal to provide sufficient stimulus to the fluids of the inner ear. Degradation of the ossicles that transmit these sound waves from the eardrum to the inner ear leads to hearing loss. This problem can be overcome by replacing one or more of these ossicles by middleear pros...

Investigations of the development of auditory form and function have, with a few exceptions, thus far been largely restricted to birds and mammals, making it difficult to postulate evolutionary hypotheses. Teleost fishes represent useful models for developmental investigations of the auditory system due to their often extensive period of posthatching development and the diversity of auditory sp...

Studying the anatomical features of the middle ear of donkey was significant among scanty available literatures. The work was established on 14 formalized heads and dried skulls from both sexes of healthy donkeys of different ages. The samples were intended for the bony structural examination and dissection. Extraction of the auditory ossicles was difficult due to the rigidity of the temporal b...

BACKGROUND The weberian apparatus of otophysine fishes facilitates sound transmission from the swimbladder to the inner ear to increase hearing sensitivity. It has been of great interest to biologists since the 19(th) century. No studies, however, are available on the development of the weberian ossicles and its effect on the development of hearing in catfishes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS...

Conclusion. The development of a histological 3D model of the tympanic cavity visualizes the exact microanatomy of the sound conduction organ and is therefore essential for finite elements simulations and surgical training. Objectives. So far, no accurate histological 3D model of the sound conduction system existed in literature. For 3D reconstruction of the very fine structures inside and outs...

In this research, anatomical descriptions of the structure of the temporal bone and auditory ossicles have been performed based on dissection of ten guinea pigs. The results showed that, in guinea pig temporal bone was similar to other animals and had three parts; squamous, tympanic and petrous .The tympanic part was much better developed and consisted of oval shaped tympanic bulla with many re...

The middle ear ossicles are only rarely preserved in fossil hominins. Here, we report the discovery of a complete ossicular chain (malleus, incus, and stapes) of Paranthropus robustus as well as additional ear ossicles from Australopithecus africanus. The malleus in both early hominin taxa is clearly human-like in the proportions of the manubrium and corpus, whereas the incus and stapes resembl...