Topics describe the main issue discussed in an article, for example: Does article deal with politics, economics or sports? Field of application/theoretical foundation: In context “Agenda Setting”, studies analyze which issues are on public agenda. “News Values”, may why some topics more prominently covered than others. References/combination other methods data collection: Many combine manual in...

Frames describe the way issues are presented, i.e., what aspects made salient when communicating about these issues. Field of application/theoretical foundation: The concept frames is directly based on theory “Framing”. However, many studies using automated content analysis lacking a clear theoretical definition constitutes frame. As an exception, Walter and Ophir (2019) use to explore issue st...

purpose : to evaluate the efficacy of pattern visual evoked potentials (pvep), standard automated perimetry (sap), short-wavelength automated perimetry (swap), contrast sensitivity (cs), stereoacuity testing in detecting subclinical visual impairment in visually asymptomatic patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) and no history of optic neuritis methods : twenty-seven eyes of 27 patients (7 male...

this study analyses the concept of cost functions for semi-automated straddle carrier (sc), rubber tyred gantry (rtg) and automated rail mounted gantry (rmg) container yard operating cranes. it develops a generic cost based model for a pair-wise comparison, analysis and evaluation of economic efficiency and effectiveness of container yard equipment to be used for decision-making by terminal pla...

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samples of participants’ writing were scored by two raters using toefl writing scoring rubric. the readability index of each text was calculated through the use of six readability formulae and graphs, i.e., flesch-kincaid index, reading ease index, fog index, smog formula, fry’s graph, and dale-chall readability index. the scores given to each essay were later compared to the obtained readabili...