The functions of this system were elucidated in a series of important physiological experiments in the second half of the 19th century. Ernst and Eduard Weber in Leipzig stopped the heart by stimulating the vagus nerve whilst Claude Bernard and others reported the acceleration of the heart’s action with sympathetic stimulation. These opposing actions led Walter Gaskell [4] at Cambridge to condu...

T sweating sunbather lying quietly in the summer sun or the racing heart and “hair-standing-on-end” sensations experienced by a person suddenly frightened by a horror movie are familiar examples of the body responding automatically to changes in the physical or emotional environment. These responses occur as a result of the actions of the autonomic portion of the nervous system and take place w...

background: osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by reduction in bone mass, due to depletion of calcium and bone protein. a pivotal role of the sympathetic nervous system in bone remodeling has been considered. on the other hand, elevated central sympathetic activation in postmenopausal women is involved in the creation of vasomotor symptoms. also, sympathetic skin response (ssr) has ...