Calcineurin inhibitors exacerbate ischemic injury in transplanted kidneys, but it is not known if sirolimus protects or exacerbates the transplanted kidney from ischemic injury. We determined the effects of sirolimus alone or in combination with cyclosporin A (CsA) on oxygenated and hypoxic/reoxygenated rat proximal tubules in the following in vitro groups containing 6-9 rats per group: sirolim...

The pharmacokinetics of metronidazole, a drug effective in vitro against most anaerobic bacteria and promising in treating anaerobic infections, are described. Serum and urine levels after single and multiple doses in 10 adult male volunteers were measured by an agar well diffusion bioassay using clostridial species as the test organisms under anaerobic conditions. Peak serum levels averaged 11...

Las variables ensayadas fueron: concentración de inóculo 5 %, 10 % y 15 tiempo fermentación 24, 36 72 horas. El biorreactor fue alimentado con 250 mL caldo hipersacarosado. La del se determinó la ayuda cámara Newbahuer para luego estandarizarla a 1,6 x cel/mL en volúmenes constituyendo cada uno los inóculos definitivos. eficiencia producción dextranos calculada acuerdo Concentración dextrano (g...

Doogh is the most popular and commonly consumed yoghurt-based Iranian drink. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of Ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil (ZEO) at 0.10 and 0.20% concentrations, nisin at 250 and 500 IU mL-1, and their combination against Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcusaureus in doogh during storage at 4 ˚C for  9 days. Nine batches were ...

The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of typhoid fever on pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin (LF) and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the said antibiotic in healthy human volunteers and patients with typhoid fever. Total of 12 subjects were divided into two groups “A” (healthy volunteers) and “B” (typhoid patients). Single oral dose of LF 500 mg was given and 5 ...

PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of metronidazole (MTZ) on cytotoxicity and DNA synthesis in MCF-7 (estrogen receptor positive) and MDA-MB-231 (estrogen receptor negative) breast cancer cell lines. MATERIAL/METHODS Toxicity of MTZ was determined by MTT test. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with metronidazole used in different concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 h...

Abstract Haplophyllum tuberculatum is a plant commonly used in folk medicine to treat several diseases including vomiting, nausea, infections, rheumatism, and gastric pains. In the current study, H. essential oils, hydrosols, pure compounds R-(+)-limonene, S-(−)-limonene, 1-octanol, as well their combinations R-(+)-limonene/1-octanol S-(−)-limonene/1-octanol, were screened for cytotoxicity on H...

Results: Overall agreement rates within ±1 dilution between the 2 methods were 86.7% (24 h) and 94.1% (48 h) for amphotericin B, and 85.5% (24 h) and 73.3% (48 h) for fluconazole. All C. albicans, C. pelliculosa, C. glabrata, and C. kefyr isolates were inhibited by ≤1 μg mL−1 of amphotericin B, and fluconazole resistance was not observed in C. albicans or C. tropicalis isolates according to the...

The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of typhoid fever on pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin (LF) and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the said antibiotic in healthy human volunteers and patients with typhoid fever. Total of 12 subjects were divided into two groups “A” (healthy volunteers) and “B” (typhoid patients). Single oral dose of LF 500 mg was given and 5 ...

Measurement of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) is a crucial tool to assess cellular redox state. Herein we report a direct approach to determine intracellular GSH based on a rapid chromatographic separation coupled with acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence detection, which was extended to GSSG by incorporating thiol blocking and disulfide bond reduction. Importantl...