The local budget of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) for both high-frequency (HF, 2–6 days) and intermediatefrequency (IF, 7–29 days) eddies are evaluated for Northern Hemisphere boreal winter using the 31-year (1979/ 80–2010/11) NCEP-DOE reanalysis. A new form of EKE equation is used to isolate the kinetic energy generation/ destruction due to interactions among eddies of different timescales. The ma...

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) family ligands have been implicated in cardiovascular diseases because of their enhanced expression in vascular lesions and their promoting effects on growth and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Betacellulin (BTC), a novel EGF family ligand, has been shown to be expressed in atherosclerotic lesions and to be a potent growth factor of VSMCs. Howeve...

Auto color correlation (ACC) technique is proposed to enhance the availability of image content to capture local spatial correlation among different colors rather than using color correlogram technique. An ACC technique can reduce the size of color correlogram from O(md) to O(3md). However, it is still not applicable for query purposes in a large image database and especially in a real time ima...

BACKGROUND Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), betacellulin (BTC) and epiregulin (EPR) are members of the EGF system and involved in the cell growth of various epithelial malignancies. There have been no reports on the HB-EGF, BTC and EPR expression in mesenchymal malignancies of fibrohistiocytic origin including malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). MATERIALS AND METHODS We inv...

BACKGROUND The green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was shown to effectively inhibit tumor growth in various types of cancer including biliary tract cancer (BTC). For most BTC patients only palliative therapy is possible, leading to a median survival of about one year. Chemoresistance is a major problem that contributes to the high mortality rates of BTC. The aim of this study was...

In order to reduce the frame memory usage in LCD overdrive, there is a basic technique called block truncation coding (BTC) is commonly used due to its efficient coding and low implementation cost. However, there is some limitation of BTC that causes severe perceptual artifacts and degrades overdrive performance. To overcome the problem of BTC here we propose an adaptive multi-level BTC (AM-BTC...

BACKGROUND Military research suggests a significant association between leadership, cohesion, mental health stigmatisation and perceived barriers to care (stigma/BTC). AIM Most studies are cross sectional, therefore longitudinal data were used to examine the association of leadership and cohesion with stigma/BTC. METHOD Military personnel provided measures of leadership, cohesion, stigma/BT...

Distinct regions of the frontal cortex connect with their basal ganglia and thalamic counterparts, constituting largely segregated basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (BTC) circuits. However, any common role of the BTC circuits in different behavioral domains remains unclear. Indeed, whether dysfunctional motor and cognitive BTC circuits are responsible for motor slowing and cognitive slowing, respe...

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from high temperature combustion processes under fuel-lean conditions continue to be a challenge for the energy industry. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has been possible with metal and zeolites. There is still need identify materials that are efficient in reducing NOx environmentally benign nitrogen gas at temperatures lower than 200°C. Metal-organic framew...

In this paper, a cost effective block truncation coding (CE-BTC) using low cost approach is presented for color image compression. To reduce the bit rate of the basic BTC, selected single bit-map is employed to represent the edge information of the coding block in the proposed CE-BTC. Moreover, a previous proposed algorithm, adaptive quantization coding (AQC), is used to compress the two repres...