Multidimensional shearforce-based constant-distance mode scanning electrochemical microscopy (4D SF/CD-SECM) was utilized for the investigation of the activity distribution of oxygen reduction catalysts. Carbon-supported Pt model catalyst powders have been immobilized in recessed microelectrodes and compared to a spot preparation technique. Microcavities serve as platform for the binder-free ca...

the kinetics of catalyst deactivation and coke formation during dehydrogenation of propane over supported pt–based catalysts and, in particular, the effect of alkali metal promoters on catalyst activity and stability were studied. the analysis of propane conversion data showed that there is an optimum level of alkali metal promoter loading for both catalyst activity and stability.a model based ...

cellulose sulfuric acid as a bio-polymer based solid catalyst efficiently catalyzes the selectively oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and thiols to disulfides using hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant with good yields at room temperature. the developed method offers a number of advantages such as high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, cleaner reaction profiles, low cos...

Helical chiral 2-aminopyridinium ions were designed as a significantly more acidic (active) dual hydrogen-bonding catalyst than commonly used (thio)urea-based systems. The helicene framework was specifically utilized to position an inherently chiral barrier on the hydrogen-bonding side of the catalyst. The catalyst reactivity and enantioselectivity were successfully demonstrated in additions of...

This paper argues that innovation can be best understood as an information process which is then concretized as a product that meets demand. Two very different firms, Canon Inc. and Apple Computer Inc., are used as case study illustrations. Innovation does not proceed through logical deduction, but rather is furthered by the use of metaphors and analogies. The bureaucratic and staid structures ...

The observation of Manchot? that sodium pentacyano-ammineferroate2 I absorbs oxygen has led Baudisch and his coworkers3 to study the catalytic action of this salt, as well as of its water analogue II, in the oxidation of pyrimidines and purines. The present authors have previously reported in this journal4 on the nature of the oxidation products obtained. In the present paper the problem is con...

A new non-precious metal oxygen reduction catalyst was developed via heat treatment of in situ polymerized polyaniline onto TiO(2) particles in the presence of Fe species. The TiO(2) provides for improved performance relative to a carbon black-based catalyst and, at a high catalyst loading, allows for reducing the performance gap between non-precious-metal catalyst and Pt/C to ca. 20 mV in RDE ...

The formation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through precipitated carbons emerging from supersaturated metal catalysts is an established mechanism for their growth during the CVD process. Here, the CNT growth mode is determined by the interaction between the substrate and the catalyst nanoparticle, e.g., the tip-growth mode for the weak adhesion between them and the base-growth mode for the strong ...

The use of phosphites in second generation, ruthenium-based olefin metathesis pre-catalysts leads to an improvement in catalyst stability and activity at low catalyst loadings.

The vanadium-based catalyst, acts as a homogeneous catalyst for the selective oxidation of various kinds of sulfides with 30% aqueous H2O2. Vanadium-based catalyst was successfully used as the oxygen source for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides for the first time. The sulfoxides were obtained in a good way to high yields without any detectable over-oxidation to sulfones under normal condi...