—Finding a path in a network based on multiple constraints (the MCP problem) is often referred to as QoS routing. QoS routing with constraints on multiple additive metrics has been proven to be NP-complete. This proof has dramatically inßuenced the research community, resulting into the common belief that exact QoS routing is intractable in practice. Hence, many heuristics for this problem were...

Influence Maximization is a NP-hard problem of selecting the optimal set of influencers in a network. Here, we propose two new approaches to influence maximization based on two very different metrics. The first metric, termed Balanced Index (BI), is fast to compute and assigns top values to two kinds of nodes: those with high resistance to adoption, and those with large out-degree. This is done...

background: neuropathic pain (np) is a serious suffering medical condition that frequently leads to disability and life style changes. although the exact mechanisms of np are still unknown, recently the role of reactive oxygen species (ros) reported as an important factor for np. apoptosis, increase of atp production and reduction of antioxidants are also the other factors influencing in np. th...

In this article, a non-preemptive (NP) mechanism is proposed to improve the quality-of-service (QoS) of secondary users (SUs) in joint leasing and sensing-based cognitive radio networks (CRNs). In this spectrum-sharing mechanism, a primary user (PU) could not forcibly terminate a SU with ongoing transmission. Both the typical preemptive and the proposed NP mechanisms are modeled by multi-dimens...

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) can be used in many different applications. However, they lack standards and, as a consequence, a number of issues must still be addressed to ensure the proper functioning of these networks. Amongst these issues, routing is this paper’s main concern. Thus, we propose the use of multiple metrics with the proactive Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol, in ord...

in this paper, we study a class of finsler metrics which contains the class of p-reducible andgeneral relatively isotropic landsberg metrics, as special cases. we prove that on a compact finsler manifold,this class of metrics is nothing other than randers metrics. finally, we study this class of finsler metrics withscalar flag curvature and find a condition under which these metrics reduce to r...

In a typical software development project, a requirements document summarizes the results of the requirements analysis and becomes the basis for subsequent software development. In many cases, the quality of the requirements documents dictates the success of the software development. The need for determining the quality of requirements documents is particularly acute when the target application...

causative constructions play an important role in the mental and linguistic system of human beings. the methodology that is used in this paper for studying causative constructions in persian is the combination of the morphology-based approach and song’s model (1996, 2001). emphasizing the causer np and the causee np, we draw the semantic map of the causer np (based on the animacy hierarchy). in...

in order to investigate the influence of bio- and chemical fertilizers on growth parameters and essential oil of fennel (foeniculum vulgare miller.), an experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with five treatments and three replications was carried out. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (strain sebacina vermifera) and phosphate dissolving bacteria (genera peseudomonas) were applied as ...