a Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058, USA Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA University of Virginia, Thornton Hall B102, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA e Johns Hopkins University...

RADAR SOUNDER. T. R. Watters, C.J. Leuschen, J.J. Plaut, G. Picardi, A. Safaeinili, S.M. Clifford, W.M. Farrell, A.B. Ivanov, R.J. Phillips, E.R. Stofan and the MARSIS Science Team, Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560 ([email protected]); Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD 20723; Jet P...

Phytophthora ramorum, causal agent of sudden oak death, is well established over approximately 450 km of native forest along the California coast. In the course of research on this invasive exotic pathogen, two other putatively exotic aerial Phytophthora species, P. nemorosa and P. pseudosyringae, were discovered (Ivors and others 2004, Linzer and others 2006). Little is known about the ecology...

Human-caused changes in land use and land cover have dramatically altered ecosystems worldwide and may facilitate the spread of infectious diseases. To address this issue, we examined the influence of land-cover changes between 1942 and 2000 on the establishment of an invasive pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, which causes the forest disease known as Sudden Oak Death. We assessed effects of land-...

The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora ramorum is responsible for sudden oak death (SOD) in California coastal forests. P. ramorum is a generalist pathogen with over 100 known host species. Three or four closely related genotypes of P. ramorum (from a single lineage) were originally introduced in California forests and the pathogen reproduces clonally. Because of this the genetic diversity of P. ra...

Bay laurel leaves, also known as bay are an important herb in many cuisines around the world. In addition to their use cooking, leaves have been used for medicinal properties and thought anti-inflammatory antimicrobial effects. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) device was determine secondary metabolites essential oil of samples kept at different temperatures (−22, −20, −18, 2, 4, 6, ...

Laurel wilt is a lethal disease of plants in the Lauraceae plant family, including avocado (Persea americana). This devastating disease has spread rapidly along the southeastern seaboard of the United States and has begun to affect commercial avocado production in Florida. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential to discriminate laurel wilt-affected avocado trees using aer...