despite the long history of the worldwide use of bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccine, a wide spectrum of adverse reactions has been observed in a small proportion of immunized infants; the most severe complication, disseminated bcgitis, is often fatal but exceedingly rare and is considered to result from host immunodeficiency. at present, ct scan, ultrasound, x-ray and bone marrow aspiration...

BACKGROUND Recombinant adenovirus-vectored (Ad) tuberculosis (TB) vaccine platform has demonstrated great potential to be used either as a stand-alone or a boost vaccine in murine models. However, Ad TB vaccine remains to be evaluated in a more relevant and sensitive guinea pig model of pulmonary TB. Many vaccine candidates shown to be effective in murine models have subsequently failed to pass...

OBJECTIVE The BCG vaccine has been in use since 1921, but still arouses controversy and uncertainties. The objective was to analyze the protective effect of the BCG vaccine in its first and second doses and the accompanying vaccination policies. METHODS A systematic review of the literature in both English and Spanish was carried out, covering the period 1948 to 2006, using the PubMed databas...

The tuberculosis vaccine Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was equipped with the membrane-perforating listeriolysin (Hly) of Listeria monocytogenes, which was shown to improve protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Following aerosol challenge, the Hly-secreting recombinant BCG (hly+ rBCG) vaccine was shown to protect significantly better against aerosol infection with M....

The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is live and attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis which is used throughout the world as vaccine against tuberculosis. BCG vaccination contributes to the prevention and control of tuberculosis in limited situations when other strategies are inadequate. As there is currently no alternative, BCG will continue to be used in future as vaccine and also as a prime ...

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is the only vaccine available for tuberculosis (TB) control. However, BCG is not an ideal vaccine and has two major limitations: BCG exhibits highly variable effectiveness against the development of TB both in pediatric and adult populations and can cause disseminated BCG disease in immunocompromised individuals. BCG co...

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated vaccine derived from Mycobacterium bovis, is the current vaccine of choice against tuberculosis (TB). Despite its protection against active TB in children, BCG has failed to protect adults against TB infection and active disease development, especially in developing countries where the disease is endemic. Currently, there is a significant effort towa...

BAckground Thermal stability (TS) is a part of the BCG vaccine characterization by which the consistency of process in BCG vaccine production could be confirmed. To enhance the TS of the vaccine, some prevalent stabilizers in different concentrations were added to the final formulation of BCG bulk prior to Freeze-drying process. We found a formulation more effective than the current stabilizer ...

A number of new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines have been or are entering clinical trials, which include genetically modified mycobacteria, mycobacterial antigens delivered by viral vectors, or mycobacterial antigens in adjuvant. Some of these vaccines aim to replace the existing BCG vaccine but others will be given as a boosting vaccine following BCG vaccination given soon after birth. It is clear ...

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine provides good protection against disseminated mycobacterial diseases such as miliary tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, and leprosy [1, 2] but weaker protection against pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in rural areas near the equator [3]. In high-mortality countries, until a different vaccine is given, BCG vaccine also provides nonspecific (heterologo...