Temnospondyl amphibians were important members of the tetrapod fauna and the terrestrial vertebrate food chain during the Paleozoic and early Mesozoic. The “labyrinthodont” teeth of these amphibians are not simple cones; they exhibit an overall tooth form that is relatively complex and generally conserved over large temporal and phylogenetic ranges. We assess the functional morphology of these ...

OBJECTIVES To test the fracture load and fracture patterns of zirconia abutments restored with all-ceramic crowns after fatigue loading, exhibiting internal and external implant-abutment connections as compared to restored and internally fixed titanium abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A master abutment was used for the customization of 5 groups of zirconia abutments to a similar shape (test)....

PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the flexural strength of the joint between glass-infiltrated alumina frames and the experimental adjusting agent (MA modifier) that contains alumina and magnesia. METHODS A commercially available adjusting agent (Optimizer), a slurry of alumina powder (Alumina modifier), and a bulk specimen (joint-free alumina) were used as controls. Be...

The xylem of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng is characterized by very low density (average specific gravity = 0.27) and tracheids with relatively large dimensions (length and diameter). The microfibril angle in the S2 layer of tracheid walls is large, even in outer rings, suggesting a cambial response to compressive rather than tensile stresses. In some cases, this compressive stress i...

ABSRACT: Reports of collapses and whumpfing sounds and their links to instability in the snowpack have been around for decades, but like many areas of snow science, they have received limited scientific treatment. There is a consensus that shear fracture plays an important role in the avalanche process, but the role of collapse is disputed. Many field and laboratory measurements show support fo...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The choice of single-molar implant design is difficult because of a lack of controlled, quantitative biomechanical analyses. PURPOSE This study determined the effect of 3 single-molar implant designs on implant strains under a variety of homologous loading conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS On each implant abutment, 4 strain gauges were placed axially at 90 degrees to eac...

Although the anuran pelvis is thought to be adapted for jumping, the function of the iliosacral joint has seen little direct study. Previous work has contrasted the basal "lateral-bender" pelvis from the "rod-like" pelvis of crown taxa hypothesized to function as a sagittal hinge to align the trunk with take-off forces. We compared iliosacral movements and pelvic motor patterns during jumping i...

In the present paper, the different techniques used for the determination of changes of surface stress of solid electrodes, as well as the kind and quality of information that can be achieved using these methods are discussed. The most important methods are briefly reviewed and advantages/drawbacks highlighted. Special attention is paid to issues related to the use of the “bending beam” (“bendi...

According to the direct homogenization theory of inhomogeneous material, a single medium homogenization constitutive model of the confined concrete in the steel box-concrete combined member has been established, and model parameters have been determined by the measured data of the bending test. By analyzing the theoretical ultimate strength and overall process curve, the results obtained is con...