How does technological change affect the depletion of non-renewable natural resources? We argue that to answer this question it is necessary to account for the interaction between skill-biased technological change, population dynamics and their effects on natural resource use. Skill-biased technolgical change leads in a non-malthusian world to a decline in the long-run growth rate of the popula...

The evolution of sexual dimorphism is predicted to occur through reductions in between-sex genetic correlations (rmf) for shared traits, but the physiological and genetic mechanisms that facilitate these reductions remain largely speculative. Here, we use a paternal half-sibling breeding design in captive brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to show that the development of sexual size dimorphism...

A misclassified size-biased Borel Distribution (MSBBD), where some of the observations corresponding to x = c + 1 are wrongly reported as x = c with probability α, is defined. Various estimation methods like the method of maximum likelihood (ML), method of moments, and the Bayes estimation for the parameters of the MSBB distribution are used. The performance of the estimators are studied using ...

ROC analysis makes it possible to evaluate how well classiiers will perform given certain misclas-siication costs and class distributions. Given a set of classiiers, it also provides a method for constructing a hybrid classiier that optimally uses the available classiiers. Now in some cases it is possible to derive multiple classiiers from a single one, in a cheap way, and such that these class...

Bicircular lift matroids are a class of matroids defined on the edge set of a graph. For a given graph G, the circuits of its bicircular lift matroid are the edge sets of those subgraphs of G that contain at least two cycles, and are minimal with respect to this property. The main result of this paper is a characterization of when two graphs give rise to the same bicircular lift matroid, which ...

Abstract Previous research has shown that algorithmic decisions can reflect gender bias. The increasingly widespread utilization of algorithms in critical decision-making domains (e.g., healthcare or hiring) thus lead to broad and structural disadvantages for women. However, women often experience bias discrimination through human may turn the hope receiving neutral objective evaluations. Acros...

Ordinary least squares is unlikely to estimate growth regressions consistently. A simple alternative method is formulated. Applying ordinary least squares and this method to data on 85 countries over the period 1964-1990 reveals that ordinary least squares is strongly biased. The consistent estimates are about twice as large in magnitude as the inconsistent estimates. This finding suggests that...

Noise pollution is a major problem in cities around the world. The current methods to assess it neglect to represent the real exposure experienced by the citizens themselves, and therefore could lead to wrong conclusions and a biased representations. In this paper we present a novel approach to monitor noise pollution involving the general public. Using their mobile phones as noise sensors, we ...

Sex allocation theory predicts that parents bias the offspring sex ratio strategically. In avian species, the offspring sex ratio can be biased at multiple growth stages, although the mechanisms are not well known. It is crucial to reveal a cause and timing of biased offspring sex ratio. We investigated (i) offspring sex ratio at multiple growth stages, from laying to fledging; and (ii) the sta...

A small-biased function is a randomized function whose distribution of truth-tables is small-biased. We demonstrate that known explicit lower bounds on the size of (1) general Boolean formulas, (2) Boolean formulas of fan-in two, (3) de Morgan formulas, as well as (4) correlation lower bounds against small de Morgan formulas apply to small-biased functions. As a consequence, any strongly explic...