The bicarbonate ion (HCO3(-)) is involved in two major physiological processes in corals, biomineralization and photosynthesis, yet no molecular data on bicarbonate transporters are available. Here, we characterized plasma membrane-type HCO3(-) transporters in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Eight solute carrier (SLC) genes were found in the genome: five homologs of mammalian-typ...

Ureagenesis in the liver consumes up to 1,000 mmol of HCO3-/day in humans as a result of 2NH4+ + 2HCO3- --> urea + CO2 + 3H2O. Whether the liver contributes to the regulation of acid-base equilibrium by controlling the rate of ureagenesis and, therefore, HCO3- consumption in response to changes in plasma acidity has not been adequately evaluated in humans. Rates of ureagenesis were measured in ...

In the preceding article (1) it was pointed out that one of the electrolyte disturbances most frequently encountered in the serum of patients with nephritis with uremia was deficiencyof the total electrolyte (base) concentration of the serum and that this was apparently instrumental in the determination of acidosis (reduction of bicarbonate) in a certain and rather large proportion of cases. It...

Microalgae are a large and diverse group of photosynthetic organisms which can use of solar energy to fixed inorganic carbon (Ci) with efficiency (2-10%) that are ten times greater than higher plants (<1%) due to their high growth rate (1to 3-fold increases in biomass per day) [1,2]. Although CO2 is the predominant carbon source for microalgal cultivation, the low level of dissolution of CO2 in...

2/3 of the reservoir surface area was approximately covered with dense populations of Myriophyllum, Ceratophyllum and Potamogeton species. The headwaters of the reservoir were considered as hard water and had both carbonatic and non-carbonatic hardness. When they were exposed to lentic condition of the reservoir and its intensive photosynthetic activities of macrophyte communities, the bicarbon...

Bicarbonate excretion in bile is a major function of the biliary epithelium. It is driven by the apically located Cl-/HCO3- exchanger which is functionally coupled with a cAMP-dependent Cl- channel (CFTR). A number of hormones and/or neuropeptides with different mechanisms and at different intracellular levels regulate, in concert, the processes underlying bicarbonate excretion in the biliary e...

We have been studying CFTR channels in guinea pig pancreatic duct cells and rather surprisingly found that luminal HCO3- had a pronounced inhibitory effect on cAMP-activated CFTR chloride currents. The block produced by HCO3- was rapid, voltage-independent and occurred over a physiological range of extracellular HCO3- concentrations. I- and ClO4- were also found to inhibit CFTR currents, but bo...

Address for Correspondence:Masaji Mochizuki, Minami-11, Nishi-20, 4-23 Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 064-0811, Japan The bicarbonate concentration in plasma , [HCO3], has a PCO2-dependent component, [HCO3]*, and a metabolic component, [HCO3]. The [HCO3]* in elderly patients and volunteers was expressed by an exponential function of PCO2 obtained by analysis of the venous-arterial (a-v) difference in [HCO3]....

Na movement across the plasma membranes of confluent monolayers of monkey kidney epithelial cells (BSC-1) was studied using 22Na+ uptake and efflux techniques in the presence of 10(-4) M ouabain. In the presence of 28 mM bicarbonate, uptake was inhibited by both 10(-3) M amiloride and 10(-3) M 4,4'diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS). In DIDS-pretreated cells, 10(-3) M amiloride l...

Since ancient times, bile secretion has been considered vital for maintaining health. One of the main functions of bile secretion is gastric acid neutralization with biliary bicarbonate during a meal or Pavlovian response. Although the liver has many extrinsic and intrinsic nerve innervations, the functional role of these nerves in biliary physiology is poorly understood. To understand the role...