DARYAS {Singh, a vveii-built middle-aged Thakur, applied at the Etawah Dispensary for treatment of a wound in his groin inflicted by the horn of a buffalo. The wound was almost immediately below and parallel to Poupart's ligament on the right side, and in extent almost equal in length to that ligament. The injury had been inflicted some few days prior to his applying for treatment. It presented...

Background: Black henbane with the scientific name of Hyoscyamus niger which has a wide geographic distribution, is considered as one the most important species for tropane alkaloids extraction. Objective: In this research, morphological and tropane alkaloids variations were assessed within different population of H. niger in their natural habitats. Methods: Totally, 56 individuals were colle...

Background & Aims of the Study: Malaria is an infectious disease by fever, chills and anemia; and splenomegaly genus Plasmodium parasite is the agent of it. One of the easiest and least expensive methods for preventionof this disease is removing the vector that usually has been done by insecticides and chemical pesticides, but now days due to the harmful effects of toxic chemic...

BACKGROUND Since diseases and surgeries could be very painful, the annihilation of pain has been the most important goal of physicians. The history of Iranian-Islamic medicine includes distinguished physicians that attempted to find different methods of anesthesia. This research aims at reviewing approaches for anesthesia throughout the history of the Iranian-Islamic medicine, in order to ident...