With the development of radar and ultrasonic technologies, when combined with the robotic technology and bioengineering, gave rise to new series of devices, known as “electronic travel aids (ETAs). It operates similar to a radar system, sends a laser or an ultrasonic beam, which after striking the object reflects back and is detected by the sensors, and so the corresponding distance from the ob...

Wireless Sensor Networks, in particular Wireless Body Area Networks, is a technology as allowing blind people, or people with some kind of disability, to live in a safer and comfortable environment One of the most active threats of blind people is variety of obstacles they face while moving in the footpath or coming out from a building.it is necessary to develop a solution that helps blind peop...

Seeing and describing real and imaginary three-dimensional scenes from the observer’s viewpoint is an intuitive activity for non-impaired people, but it is difficult for congenitally blind people, once it involves abstract concepts for them, such as: perspective, depth planes, occlusion, etc. This paper discusses the problem related to understanding three-dimensional concepts by blind people an...

The article introduces an ambient intelligence system for blind people which besides providing assistance in home environment also helps with various situations and roles in which blind people may find themselves involved. RUDO, the designed system, comprises several modules that mainly support or ensure recognition of approaching people, alerting to other household members' movement in the fla...

The conventional long cane, largely used for mobility of visually impaired people, presents some limitations, such as the short-range detection obstacles and inability to protect against head-level obstacles. purpose this study was develop test a wearable haptic interface system attachable cane in order detect provide notification user.

The purpose of the present study is twofold: the first objective is to evaluate the importance of visual experience for the ability to form a spatial representation (spatial mental model) of fairly elaborate spatial descriptions. Secondly, we examine whether blind people exhibit the same preferences (i.e. level of performance on spatial tasks) as sighted people in processing the type of perspec...