Species classified in Penicillium sect. Chrysogena are primary soil-borne and the most well-known members are P. chrysogenum and P. nalgiovense. Penicillium chrysogenum has received much attention because of its role in the production on penicillin and as a contaminant of indoor environments and various food and feedstuffs. Another biotechnologically important species is P. nalgiovense, which i...

Cell walls are barriers that impair colonization of host tissues, but also are important reservoirs of energy-rich sugars. Growing hyphae of necrotrophic fungal pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis, henceforth), secrete enzymes that disassemble cell wall polysaccharides. In this work we describe the annotation of 275 putative secreted Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes) identified in...

Examination of the effects of prumycin on sensitlve Botrytis cinerea and Sarcina lutea showed that inhibition of protein synthesis in both organisms and reduction in ribonucleic acid synthesis in Botrytis cinerea are among the mechanisms of action. The inhibition of RNA biosynthesis in Botrytis cinerea is probably a secondary effect resulting from the termination of protein synthesis rather tha...

Trials under controlled and field conditions were conducted to establish the effect of strategies application biological control agents (BCAs) in reduction Stemphylium vesicarium Pleospora allii inoculum production on pear leaf debris. Six BCAs based different strains Trichoderma spp. (Tr1, Tr2) Bacillus subtilis (Bs1, Bs2, Bs3 Bs4) evaluated. Two tested experiments: before (preventative strate...

Airborne fungi are one of the major components aeromycobiota known to produce several fungal diseases in fruits. Their presence indoor environment warehouses may limit storage period apples. Qualitative and quantitative analyses airborne spores were conducted using gravity settling techniques detect airspora present atmosphere two apple Tunisia. In this study, 375 isolates obtained purified. Ph...

Botrytis bunch rot (BBR), caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, causes damage to ripening grape clusters throughout the temperate regions of the world where pre-harvest rains occur. Although pure Botrytis infections free of secondary contaminants can sometimes produce the so-called "noble rot" integral to the production of certain prized dessert wines, a far more common result is a disease tha...

One of the fungal pathogens that causes more agriculture damage is Botrytis cinerea. Botrytis is a constant threat to crops because the fungus infects a wide range of host species, both native and cultivated. Furthermore, Botrytis persists on plant debris in and on the soil. Some of the most serious diseases caused by Botrytis include gray mold on vegetables and fruits, such as grapes and straw...

Botrytis species are generally considered to be aggressive, necrotrophic plant pathogens. By contrast to this general perception, however, Botrytis species could frequently be isolated from the interior of multiple tissues in apparently healthy hosts of many species. Infection frequencies reached 50% of samples or more, but were commonly less, and cryptic infections were rare or absent in some ...

A minisatellite was identified in the intron of the ATP synthase of the filamentous fungus Botrytis cinerea, and it was named MSB1. This is the second fungal minisatellite described to date. Its 37-bp repeat unit is AT-rich, and it is found at only one locus in the genome. The introns of 47 isolates of Botrytis species were sequenced. The number of tandem repeats varied only from 5 to 11, but t...