BRAF inhibitors improve melanoma patient survival, but resistance invariably develops. Here we report the discovery of a novel BRAF mutation that confers resistance to PLX4032 employing whole-exome sequencing of drug-resistant BRAF(V600K) melanoma cells. We further describe a new screening approach, a genome-wide piggyBac mutagenesis screen that revealed clinically relevant aberrations (N-termi...

introduction: malignant salivary gland tumors are rare entities. despite advances in surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the rate of the mortality and five-year survival has not been improved markedly over the last few decades. the activation of egfr- ras-raf signaling pathway contributes to the initiation and progression of many human cancers, promising a key pathway for therapeutic m...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histological thyroid cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of thyroid cancers. Although PTC is highly curable, some patients encounter high rates of morbidity and mortality. BRAF V600E mutations are the most common genetic mutation in PTC and the relationship between BRAF V600E mutations and PTC has recently been a focus of research. The a...

The BRAF mutation occurs commonly in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Previous investigations of its utility to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) have reported conflicting results and its role remains unclear. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the incidence of the BRAF mutation and analyze its relationship to clinicopathologic ri...

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytosis with a high prevalence of BRAF V600E mutation (>50% of patients). Patients with BRAF-mutant ECD can respond to BRAF inhibitors. Unfortunately, the lack of adequate archival tissue often precludes BRAF testing. We hypothesized that cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma or urine can offer an alternative source of biologic material for testing. We ...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the BRAF V600E mutation and ultrasound features of the thyroid in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Fresh thyroid carcinoma tissue and paracarcinoma tissue were obtained from 34 patients undergoing surgery for PTC. The BRAF V600E mutation was detected by PCR amplification and direct DNA sequencing. The thyroid ultrasound r...

BACKGROUND The association between the BRAF mutation and persistence/recurrence was investigated in patients with classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) at a BRAF mutation prevalent area. METHODS A total of 282 patients with total thyroidectomy and prophylactic central neck dissection were included in this study. The BRAF mutation was evaluated with cytology specimen using dual priming o...

This study investigated the sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis using an anti-BRAF antibody to detect the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation in patients with metastatic melanoma. A total of 100 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IIIC unresectable or stage IV melanoma and who underwent tumor DNA BRAF mutation testing were selected. Paraffin-embe...

BACKGROUND The BRAF(V600E) mutation, which accounts for about 60-80% papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC), has been identifiedas a prognostic marker for risk stratification of PTC patients. However, the BRAF(V600E) mutation as a prognostic marker in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is unclear. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 101 patients who underwent surgery for PTMC. We st...

This study sought to investigate the correlations of V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) gene mutations with the clinicopathologic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma and central lymph node metastasis. We retrospectively analyzed the 2-year medical records of patients who underwent surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma. After screening, the records of 126 patients who me...