We introduce an optical parametric amplifier, pumped by amplified femtosecond Yb:KGW laser, which directly generates broadly tunable mid-infrared (MIR) pulses, covering the whole vibrational spectrum from 3 to 10 µm. The avoidance of traditional difference-frequency generation stage access MIR range simplifies setup while enabling high conversion efficiencies. two-stage design employs in second...

With the exception of Bayesian analysis, phylogenetic inference procedures typically identify a best estimate of phylogenetic relationships, a so called point estimate of the phylogeny. However, the point estimate is often relatively uninteresting in itself unless we have some measure of its reliability. This lecture will be about techniques for examining the robustness or significance of the r...

A quadratic Bézier spline with G-continuity is given to approximate a planar parametric curve. In its construction, the parametric curve is first divided into several segments. A rational quadratic Bézier curve is then applied to approximate each segment and recursive subdivision for the segment may be used if the approximation error is out of the given range. With this method, we not only keep...

In this paper, we briefly present a classification scheme of information-based network complexity measures. We will see that existing as well as novel measures can be divided into four major categories: (i) partition-based measures, (ii) non partition-based measures, (iii) non-parametric local measures and (iv) parametric local measures. In particular, it turns out that (ii)-(iv) can be obtaine...

Background. Detection and treatment for rejection after transplantation are based on the identification of myocyte damage upon endomyocardial biopsy. Noninvasive detection of such damage is possible with `11n-labeled monoclonal antimyosin antibodies (MAA). Although the presence and degree of MAA uptake parallels the rejection activity detected by biopsy, the relation between the degree of uptak...

Background. Detection and treatment for rejection after transplantation are based on the identification of myocyte damage upon endomyocardial biopsy. Noninvasive detection of such damage is possible with `11n-labeled monoclonal antimyosin antibodies (MAA). Although the presence and degree of MAA uptake parallels the rejection activity detected by biopsy, the relation between the degree of uptak...