Airway foreign body (FB) is a life-threatening condition not only in children but also in elderly patients. Many kinds of airway FB are documented, including seeds, food and other organic material. Pill aspiration is a distinct clinical entity estimated to comprise about 7% of airway foreign bodies [1]. As it may occur to outpatients and inpatients, clinicians should be aware of it when managin...

Bronchial asthma is a condition where the occurrence of mucus hypersecretion, narrowing airway. Symptoms bronchial apart from shortness breath accompanied by wheezing sound, sufferers also experience productive cough because sputum thick and difficult to remove. There are two simple easy therapies treat in removal airway cleaning, namely postural drainage position effective cough. The aim this ...

Bronchial hyperactivity is a recognized hallmark of asthma, characterized by an exaggerated bronchial response to numerous mediators, including histamine. It is also well recognized that bronchial hyperresponsiveness is increased following allergen exposure, although no particular mediator has been shown to induce this response. The recent observation that PAF can induce increased nonspecific b...

The role of the airway circulation in supporting mucociliary function has been essentially unstudied. We evaluated the airway clearance of inert, insoluble particles in anesthetized ventilated sheep (n = 8), in which bronchial perfusion was controlled, to determine whether airway mucosal blood flow is essential for maintaining surface transport of particles through airways. The bronchial branch...

The hypothesis that up-regulation of bronchial constrictor endothelin receptors in airway smooth muscle cells may contribute to hyperreactivity during airway inflammation was tested in the present study by quantitative endothelin receptor mRNA analysis and functional responses in ring segments of rat trachea and bronchi. Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to quan...

Intermittent airflow limitation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), airway inflammation and remodelling are key pathophysiological components of bronchial asthma [1]. BHR, an abnormal increase in airflow limitation following exposure to a stimulus, is present in almost all patients with clinically current asthma. Furthermore, patients with more severe asthma have more responsive airways than ...

In order to examine the hypothesis that bronchial reactivity to non-specific constrictor stimuli is influenced by the resting tone of the bronchial smooth muscle, the airway responses to inhaled histamine solution and inhaled isoprenaline were measured in 19 patients with airway obstruction. There was a significant positive correlation between the size of the constrictor response to histamine a...

Due to exposure to environmental toxicants, a "field cancerization" effect occurs in the lung resulting in the development of a field of initiated but morphologically normal appearing cells in the damaged epithelium of bronchial airways with dysregulated gene expression patterns. Using a mouse model of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we performed transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) to profil...

Advances in our understanding of murine airway physiology have been hindered by the lack of suitable, ex vivo, small airway bioassay systems. In this study, we introduce a novel small murine airway bioassay system that permits the physiological and pharmacological study of intrapulmonary bronchial smooth muscle via a bronchial ring (BR) preparation utilizing BR segments as small as 200 microm i...

Mucociliary clearance velocities in human and rat bronchial airways were calculated in asymmetric, multiple-path models of the bronchial tree by solving mass transport equations based on the assumption of conservation of mucus volume and normalized to measured tracheal mucus velocities of 5.5 mm/min for humans and 1.9 mm/min for rats. Mucus velocities in single airways of the rat lung exhibited...