abstractmammary tissue, skeletal muscle, and spleen are less frequently affected by mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb).the most common age for breast tb is between 50 and 70. on this article, we are reporting a 72-year-old womanwho presented with chronic cough, lobar consolidation in right middle lobe (rml) on the cxr, and a massin her right breast revealed on the physical examination. biopsy from...

comments on ''detection of galactomannan in the bronchoalveolar lavage of high-risk patients with invasive aspergillosis admitted at the intensive care unit'' by khodavaisy et al.  awt-sep    awt-sep    awt-sep    awt-sep    awt-sep    awt-sep  galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis  we read with interest the prospective study by khod...

Communications to the Editor specimens from patients with lung cancer and diffuse infiltrative patterns. This method seems also to be helpful for the diagnosis of bronchoalveolar carcinoma.9 We concluded that the addition of BAL cytologic examinations in peripheral lung lesions might occasionally increase the diagnostic yield ofbronchoscopy and spare some patients unnecessary invasive procedure...

We report five cases of spontaneous pneumothorax as the first sign of pulmonary carcinoma. Initial tests did not detect neoplasms. Diagnosis took place during surgery for four patients and the fifth was diagnosed by preoperative computed tomography to assess pulmonary bullous emphysema. All five patients had persistent air leaks in spite of correct placement and functioning of drains, the reaso...

The patient's past medical history and occupational exposures were unremarkable. Her travel history included a trip to Mexico 1 month before presentation. Her tuberculosis exposure was unknown. The patient reported a 20-pack-year history of cigarette smoking, but she quit smoking more than 20 years ago. On physical examination, she appeared to be well with no respiratory distress. She was afebr...

background: the frequency of invasive opportunistic mycoses has increased significantly over the past decades especially in immunocompromised patients. invasive aspergillosis (ia) has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality among these patients. as bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid samples are generally useful specimens in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (ipa), this s...

The cytotoxicity of 15-nm and 46-nm silica nanoparticles was investigated by using crystalline silica (Min-U-Sil 5) as a positive control in cultured human bronchoalveolar carcinoma-derived cells. Exposure to 15-nm or 46-nm SiO(2) nanoparticles for 48 h at dosage levels between 10 and 100 microg/ml decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Both SiO(2) nanoparticles were more cytotoxi...

background and objectives: sputum smear staining for acid-fast bacilli is initial approach to the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) but more than 50% of cases are sputum smear-negative. this study was aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (fob) guided bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) in patients suspected to have tuberculosis. methods: this prospective cross-s...

The viruses that most commonly affect human respiratory tract include rhinoviruses, syncytial (RSVs), influenza, and coronaviruses (CoVs). virus infection of the epithelial cells triggers an inflammation accompanied by release pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines including IL6, IL8 (CXCL8), IL1?, tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF?). transition to acute inflammatory phase in lungs is increase produc...