For nearly 100 years, aesthetic improvement of the aging face has included surgical elevation of the brow. Early attempts to correct brow ptosis were largely unsuccessful. Recognizing the need to modify the frown muscles heralded the achievement of results previously unobtainable. Within the past decade, the minimal incision approach to brow lifting afforded with the endoscope radically changed...

As their face ages, a significant number of individuals require elevation of the eyebrows to improve brow-ptosis and pseudo-ptosis of the upper eyelids. This may be for functional disability, i.e. when there is a reduction in visual fields, or for purely cosmetic reasons. Eyebrow elevation can be achieved by non-surgical or by direct surgical methods. There are advantages and disadvantages to t...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic brow lift has become a popular method for rejuvenation of the upper third of the face and in the treatment of functional brow ptosis. Controversy, however, remains over the optimum technique for the fixation of the forehead and brow. This paper presents a single surgeon's experience with a technical modification to McKinney's original description of paramedian cortical tun...

AIMS/BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the morbidity associated with harvesting autogenous fascia lata for brow suspension ptosis surgery. METHODS A retrospective study by postal questionnaire of 24 consecutive patients. RESULTS Early postoperative problems with pain on walking (67%), limping (38%), and wound pain (57%) occurred mostly for less than 1 week. The final cosmetic a...

BACKGROUND Surgical browlifts counteract the effects of aging, correct ptosis, and optimize forehead aesthetics. While surgeons have control over brow shape, the metrics defining ideal brow shape are subjective. OBJECTIVES This study aims to empirically determine whether three expert brow design strategies are aesthetically equivalent by using expert focus group analysis and relating these fi...

purpose: to report two cases of conversion disorder with unilateral psychogenic pseudoptosis. case reports: the first case was 21 years old man who developed sudden ptosis of his left eye, since 2 weeks ago. the patient had episodes of upper lid drooping during the last 7 months; the second case was a 10 years old girl with history of ptosis since 6 months, after viral conjunctivitis. all neuro...

In patients presenting with eyelid ptosis the clinician considers a differential diagnosis of 3rd nerve palsy, Horner’s syndrome, mitochondrial myopathy, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, levator dehiscence, myotonic dystrophy and myasthenia gravis. The presence of moment to moment fluctuation in severity of ptosis (fatigable ptosis) typically suggests a neuromuscular junction disorder of whi...

OBJECTIVE To examine patients who have undergone midforehead brow-lift to assess the resulting brow position, symmetry, and final scar and overall appearance based on objective evaluations by masked plastic surgeons and laypersons. METHODS Twenty-one patients undergoing midforehead brow-lift in a single surgeon's practice were identified with at least 6 months' postoperative photographic docu...

BACKGROUND Due to the absence of accurate tools and appropriate photographic material there is a paucity of objective studies on facial aging in the modern literature. OBJECTIVES To measure changes in two elements of the face: brow ptosis and cheek mass migration, using an objective tool that we developed which we then used to evaluate facial aging in two subjects studying serial professional...