OBJECTIVES To understand how caring for grandchildren affects the physical and mental health of grandparents in Taiwan. METHOD Grandparents aged 50 and older from 4 waves of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (1993-2003, n = 3,711) were divided into 7 categories based on living arrangement and caregiving history. Generalized estimation equations controlling for sociodemographic characteri...

Both data whlch we present for Tomales Bay (California, USA) and general geochemical reasoning provide evidence to suggest that nearshore marine env~ronments tend to be net heterotrophic by a small margin, and that these systems oxidize on the order of 1 % of their primary production by denitrification. The rate of denitrification can be interpreted to be a simple stoichiometric function of the...

Fiscal health is an abstract fiscal condition which cannot be directly observed and measured accurately. Local governments in Indonesia have the authority as a result of regional autonomy to regulate manage budgets. However, not all regions are able utilize this properly. The purpose article see how healthy budgeting practices one Indonesia, case, Mojokerto Regency. method used qualitative with...

Resource limitation in zero time may cause to some profitable projects not to be selected in project selection problem, thus simultaneous project portfolio selection and scheduling problem has received significant attention. In this study, budget, investment costs and earnings are considered to be stochastic. The objectives are maximizing net present values of selected projects and minimizing v...

The Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory has become a fundamental tool in modeling the metabolic behaviour of organisms. Its capacity to describe the biological aspect of life alone justifies its applicability in Artificial Life. Aware of this potential, the DEB research group in Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) in Lisbon has joined the videogame company Biodroid Entertainment in the Life Engine ...

monthly and annual water and phosphorus mass budgets were set up over the year 2010 for thelake rio verde, brazil. limited data for the water budget was compensated using an interpolation methodwith data water budget data of a nearby reservoir. thus, errors of ca. 1.5% were estimated for the waterbudgets. dominant p mass input terms were inflows from the rivers and direct run off into the reser...

In this paper, the sustainability of public debt is interpreted as the result of the interaction of fiscal policy with the economic environment, and not as a statistical concept as in most of the recent literature. If debt must not explode over time, policy makers have to respond to the changing conditions in the macroeconomic environment. This paper defines the conditions which will ensure com...

This bulletin is based on research conducted by Professor Gavin Wood and Dr Melek Cigdem at the AHURI Research Centre—RMIT University, and Ms Deb Batterham and Professor Shelley Mallett at Hanover Welfare Services. The research examined, for the first time, the geography of homelessness in Australia and its relationship to potential structural drivers of homelessness (specifically housing and l...

thesis is the research output of the phd/master’s courses and it is expected that experimental procedure as the basis of the scientific research is accurately observed. this study, conducted to evaluate the methodology of psychology theses, after analyzing the different research methods, has found the “kivi & kampenhood” methodology as the suitable one, in this study, due to shortage of budget ...

Energy and water availability were identified as the first order controls of evapotranspiration(ET) in ecohyrodrology. With a ~1,000 km precipitation gradient and distinct wet-dry climate,the North Australian Tropical Transect (NATT) was well suited for evaluating how energy andwater availabilities constrain water use by vegetation, but has not been done yet. In this study,we addressed this que...