The goal of our study was to develop an automatic change detection method based on laser scanner, aerial image and map data to be used in updating of building maps. The method was tested in a study area of 2.2 km near Helsinki. Buildings were first detected by segmenting a digital surface model (DSM) derived from laser scanner data and classifying the segments as buildings, trees and ground sur...

Advanced stack-ventilated buildings have the potential to consume much less energy for space conditioning than typical mechanically ventilated or air-conditioned buildings. This paper describes how environmental design considerations in general, and ventilation considerations in particular, shape the architecture of advanced naturally ventilated (ANV) buildings. The attributes of simple and adv...

Tits buildings ∆Q(G) of linear algebraic groups G defined over the field of rational numbers Q have played an important role in understanding partial compactifications of symmetric spaces and compactifications of locally symmetric spaces, cohomological properties of arithmetic subgroups and S-arithmetic subgroups of G(Q). Curve complexes C(Sg,n) of surfaces Sg,n were introduced to parametrize b...

There is currently high interest in developing automated methods to assist the updating of map databases. This study presents methods for automatic detection of buildings and changes in buildings from airborne laser scanner and digital aerial image data and shows the potential usefulness of the methods with thorough experiments in a 5 km 2 suburban study area. 96% of buildings larger than 60 m ...

Estimation of the dynamic characteristics of buildings is a key issue in seismic design technology. Since 1957, the Building Research Institute (BRI), Japan, has been operating a network to monitor strong motion in buildings. In this study, dynamic characteristics of 25 actual buildings in the BRI network were estimated by using strong motion records. Acceleration records from two sensors respe...

This paper studies the impact of surrounding buildings on path loss and multipath delay spread for Personal Communication Services (PCS) operating inside of buildings. Measurements conducted inside three large office buildings in the San Francisco Bay area provide an extensive database for propagation models at 915 MHz and 1900 Wlz, and show variability in path loss and delay spread caused by m...

Occupant satisfaction with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in office buildings has been positively correlated to self-estimated job performance and, potentially, to overall company productivity. LEED is a voluntary, consensus-based, market-driven program that provides third-party certification of green buildings, contributing to promote sustainability into the mainstream of building design a...

iran is located in a high-risk seismic zone of earthquakes. it has thousands of valuable historic buildings, mostly made of unreinforced masonry, which is quite vulnerable to natural hazards, especially earthquakes. the conservation and seismic upgrading of these buildings is vital for their survival. however, resources are limited and some sort of prioritization is needed in order to allocate ...

With increasing use and integration of renewable energies, power imbalance between supply and demand sides has become one of the most critical issues in developing smart grid. As the major power consumers at demand side, buildings can actually perform as distributed thermal storages to help relieving power imbalance of a grid. However, power demand alteration potentials of buildings and energy ...

The vulnerability of buildings on coastal dikes due to overtopping wave impacts is difficult to assess. A method is developed in this paper to quantify the vulnerability of masonry buildings on a coastal dike exposed to wave overtopping. Using previous studies, the accidental loads due to the extreme wave impacts are characterized. Using the approach from Eurocode 6, the strength of masonry bui...