In this paper, the problem of a retaining wall under active translation mode is investigated numerically. To this end, a series of numerical models is conducted using the discrete element code, PFC2D. The backfill soil is simulated by an assembly of separate cohesionless circular particles. Backfill soil was prepared by pouring soil particles from a specific height under gravity force and givin...

in this study, stability of geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining walls investigated using plaxis code that is based on finite element method. the effects of axial stiffness, length and vertical space between geosynthetic layers, internal friction angle of soil wall and cohesion of foundation on deformations of wall and maximum axial force of geosynthetic have been investigated. results of ana...

In the narrow geosynthetic-reinforced retaining walls a stable rear wall exists in a short distance and so there is no enough space to extend appropriate length of reinforcements. In this case, the probability of overturning of retaining wall increases especially when subjected to earthquake loading. To increase the stability of the wall, reinforcements may be connected to the stable rear surfa...

The supporting pressure is achieved through control of the incoming and outgoing materials in the head chamber in shield tunneling, i.e., through regulation of the screw conveyor rotation, thrust force of jacks and the excavation advance rate. The discrete state equation of controlling system is derived based on mechanical equilibrium principle. The objective function of model reference control...

several relationships to assess at-rest pressure coefficient in retaining walls, have been developed by different researchers. these suggested relationships are generally a function of mechanical soil parameters such as internal friction angel, poison ratio and over-consolidation ratio. in integral bridges, however, this coefficient is also a function of many other parameters other than soil ch...

inclined retaining walls with slopes less than perpendicular are appropriate candidates in several engineering problems. yet, to the knowledge of authors, only a few analytical solution for calculation of active earth pressure on such walls, which will be usually smaller than the same pressure on vertical ones, has been presented neither in research papers nor in design codes. considering limit...

Sloshing due to ground motion develops large pressure on the walls of water retaining tanks. This paper evaluates the efficacy of padded walls on the reduction of sloshing effects in rectangular water storage tanks subjected to ground motion. An analytical solution based on velocity potential function is provided to obtain the response of  rigid and padded wall tanks in terms of the wave elevat...