Abstract. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) from grain legumes is of significant importance in global agricultural ecosystems. Crops with BNF capability are expected to support the need increase food production while reducing (N) fertilizer input for sustainability, but quantification N fixing rates and crop yields remains inadequate on a scale. Here we incorporate two legume crops (soybean fa...

Primary production in freshwater ecosystems is often limited by the availability of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), or a combination of both (NP co-limitation). While N fixation via heterocystous cyanobacteria can supply additional N, no comparable mechanism for P exists; hence P is commonly considered to be the predominant and ultimate limiting nutrient in freshwater ecosystems. However, N limit...

Straw amendment can increase nitrogen fixation in paddy field, however, the efficiency of carbon sources with different biochemical properties to enhance N2 and activity is still unclear. A 15N2-labelling system was used field environment determine biological (BNF) under addition three kinds straw. The nifH gene (DNA) RNA (cDNA) soil were amplified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. div...

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the major natural process of nitrogen (N) input to ecosystems. To understand how plant invasion and N enrichment affect BNF, we compared soil N-fixation rates and N-fixing microbes (NFM) of an invasive Spartina alterniflora community and a native Phragmites australis community in the Yangtze River estuary, with and without N addition. Our results indicated ...

PURPOSE The use of graft tissue fixation using bioabsorbable interference screws (BISs) in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction offers various advantages, but limited pullout strength. Therefore, additional tibial fixation is essential for aggressive rehabilitation. We hypothesized that additional graft tissue fixation using bioabsorbable suture anchors (BSA) would provide sufficient...

There is currently limited understanding of the contribution of biological N2 fixation (diazotrophy) to the N budget of large river systems. This natural source of N in boreal river systems may partially explain the sustained productivity of river floodplains in Northern Europe where winter fodder was harvested for centuries without fertilizer amendments. In much of the world, anthropogenic pol...

Nitrogen (N) accumulation rates in peatland ecosystems indicate significant biological atmospheric N2 fixation associated with Sphagnum mosses. Here, we show that the linkage between methanotrophic carbon cycling and N2 fixation may constitute an important mechanism in the rapid accumulation of N during the primary succession of peatlands. In our experimental stable isotope enrichment study, pr...

Crop production is threatened by the increased nitrogen (N) input and declining N use efficiency (NUE). Information on total N input from planted seeds/tubers, atmospheric deposition, irrigation water, crop residues, animal manure, biological N fixation, and synthetic N fertilizer and NUE based on these N inputs in China’s crop production is limited. We calculated the amount of various N inputs...

Peatlands cover about 3% of the Earth’s surface and are regarded as a vital carbon (C) pool sink. The formation peatland is supported by continuously supplied nitrogen (N) but sources this N remain unclear. Here, we first review stocks rate they accumulate in peatlands, then present N, especially through biological fixation (BNF). We found that global peatlands store 5.9–25.9 Gt N. In past mill...