Circulating cadmium-thionein (Cd-MT) is cleared from the mammalian circulatory system by filtration through the kidney glomerulus with subsequent reabsorption by kidney proximal tubules. Damage to the tubules results following uptake of Cd-MT, which is dependent upon time and the dose level of cadmium administered. Intravenous administration of 109Cd-MT at doses of 0.017 and 0.17 mg Cd/kg body ...

The gastrointestinal absorption, transport, tissue deposition and excretion of cadmium was studied in adult male mice given a single oral LD50 dose of 109Cd-labeled CdCl2 alone or in combination with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Blood, intestinal mucosa, liver and kidneys were analyzed for 109Cd at different times after e...

This article reviews the responses of plant roots to elevated rhizosphere cadmium (Cd) concentrations. Cadmium enters plants from the soil solution. It traverses the root through symplasmic or apoplasmic pathways before entering the xylem and being translocated to the shoot. Leaf Cd concentrations in excess of 5-10 μg g(-1) dry matter are toxic to most plants, and plants have evolved mechanisms...

* Correspondence: [email protected] 1. Brief historical notes and discovery of cadmium Friedrich Stromeyer and Karl Hermann discovered cadmium (Cd) almost simultaneously in 1817 in samples of zinc oxide obtained by roasting zinc carbonate from Salzgitter (Germany). Cd has no amphoteric properties and, although cadmiate anions are found, it does not dissolve in bases (Borsari, 2011). Cd is a ...

This study applies the material flow analysis (MFA) of Cadmium to evaluate municipal solid waste (MSW) management policy in Taiwan. In 2002, the Cd flow in Taiwan was approximately 441.2 tons, mainly contributed by the Cd in nickel-cadmium batteries (60.15%) and plastics (33.45%). 415.6 tons of Cd entered the MSW treatment system from consumers. However, aside from the Cd emitted into the atmos...

A low molecular weight Cd-binding phosphoglycoprotein, cadmium-mycophosphatin, has been isolated from the mushroom Agaricus macrosporus. This protein has a molecular weight of 12,000 dalton and contains no sulfur but a high amount of acid amino acids (Glu, Asp), and carbohydrates (glucose, galactose). Cadmium-mycophosphatin has an isoelectric point less than pH 2, binds cadmium with a dissociat...

Cadmium tolerance and removal in the marine microalga Dunaliella salina were studied in cultures exposed to different metal concentrations (5-120 mg Cd l(-1)) for 96h. This microalga can be included in the group of microalgal species most tolerant to cadmium due to the high value of EC50 that it possesses (48.9 mg Cd l(-1) at 96 h of culture). The greater percentage of cadmium removed was obtai...

OBJECTIVES Cadmium exposure has been found to be associated with atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries and with circulating levels of the proatherogenic intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The research questions were (1) if blood and urinary cadmium levels are associated with low ankle-brachial index (ABI) as a measure of peripheral artery disease in a longitudinal study and (...

OBJECTIVES The study aimed at assessing the lung function in workers exposed to cadmium (Cd). MATERIALS AND METHODS Pulmonary ventilatory function was assessed in 79 workers (mean age, 50.4+/-8.9 years, 44% of male workers) previously exposed to cadmium in a cadmium battery plant. The group, not occupationally exposed to cadmium (n = 159, mean age, 48.4+/-4.2 years, 56% of males) was selected...

Cadmium accumulation in grain of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) represents a concern to consumers. In an effort to understand the regulation of Cd accumulation in maturing grain, the remobilization of 109Cd applied to stem and flag leaves was examined in two near-isogenic lines that differ in grain Cd accumulation. Absorbed 109Cd was primarily retained in the labelling flap (50-5...