To increase the production level of heterologous proteins in plants, strategies such as choice of strongerpromoters, optimization of codon usage and specific localization of foreign proteins are of major concern.Calcitonin (CT), a 32 amino acid polypeptide is a powerful and specific inhibitor of bone resorption and isused to treat several human diseases. Calcitonin activity is...

The TT cells are a continuous line of human C-cells derived from a medullary thyroid carcinoma. These cells produce large quantities of calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) by the differential splicing of a single calcitonin gene transcript. We have used specific cDNA probes for calcitonin and CGRP to study the regulation of the calcitonin gene by dexamethasone, a synthetic glu...

Background Calcitonin gene-related peptide provokes migraine attacks in 65% of patients with migraine without aura. Whether aggregation of migraine in first-degree relatives (family load) or a high number of risk-conferring single nucleotide polymorphisms contributes to migraine susceptibility to calcitonin gene-related peptide infusion in migraine patients is unknown. We hypothesized that gene...

Slow dissociation of endothelin 1 from its endothelin A receptors is responsible for the long-lasting vasoconstrictor effects of the peptide. We showed recently that calcitonin gene-related peptide selectively terminates long-lasting contractile responses to endothelin 1 in isolated rat mesenteric arteries. Here we assessed whether the antiendothelinergic effect of calcitonin gene-related pepti...

Using light and electron microscopy, a study has been made of the changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in rat lumbar spinal cord motoneurons during cell body response to sciatic nerve injury. At light microscopy level, calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity was evaluated using an indirect immunofluorescence technique combined with Fast Blue retrograde ...

objective(s):the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) has long been postulated to play an integral role in the pathophysiology of migraine. earlier studies showed that cgrp can stimulate the synthesis and release of nitric oxide (no) and cytokines from trigeminal ganglion glial cells. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 17β-estradiol in regulation of cgrp exp...

Calcitonin gene-related peptide has been extracted from the skin exudate of a single living specimen of the frog Phyllomedusa bicolor and purified to homogeneity by a two-step protocol. A total volume of 250 microl of exudate yielded 380 microg of purified peptide. Mass spectrometric analysis and gas phase sequencing of the purified peptide as well as chemical synthesis and cDNA analysis were c...

In this study, we describe the distribution of fibres that contain calcitonin gene-related peptide in normal bones and in bones that are remodeling after insertion of an implant. With routine histology and antibodies to calcitonin gene-related peptide, small neural and free-running fibres staining positively for calcitonin gene-related peptide were found in the periosteum, endosteum, and cortic...