Despite the fact that judicial scholars have developed reasonably well-specified models of the voting behavior of U.S. Supreme Court justices, little attention has been paid to influences on the consistency of the choices justices make. Aside from the methodological problems associated with failure to account for heteroskedasticity with regard to the justices’ voting behavior, I argue that vari...

Abstract The recent practice of the European Court Human Rights to follow, in its case law, legal statements made exercise new advisory competence pursuant Additional Protocol No. 16 raises some considerable issues. most important such issues regards possibility for principles law established by Strasbourg be recognized as judicial precedents within Convention system, which is object this paper...

design precedents are available instances of architectural projects by high profile architects and designers, which can be studied and analyzed as knowledge resources for a given project. developing a design knowledge based on a critical study of precedents will be referred to in this paper as precedent-based knowledge. in all stages of designing, design reasoning based on precedents can save d...

An analysis of written historical sources that have survived to this day shows judicial precedent is the oldest source law. At different stages development human society, was one degree or another regulatory carrier relations arose in it. This regulation carried out from concrete abstract, and therefore can occupy a special place legal system society. served group national systems into families...