The angiotensin II antagonistic effects of candesartan and losartan were compared in-vivo after single and repeated doses. Effects were related to antagonistic activity in plasma. In this double-blind, crossover study, 12 healthy male volunteers received, in random order, daily oral doses of 8 mg candesartan cilexetil or 50 mg losartan for seven days. On day 1 and day 8, dynamics and kinetics w...

High doses of Ang II receptor (AT1R) blockers (ARBs) are renoprotective in diabetes. Underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated whether high/ultra-high doses of candesartan (ARB) up-regulate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R)/Mas receptor [protective axis of the of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS)] in diabetic mice. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), albu...

A potent angiotensin II type-1 receptor blocker, azilsartan, has been reported to reduce blood pressure more effectively than candesartan. Interestingly, azilsartan can also restore the circadian rhythm of blood pressure. We hypothesized that azilsartan could also improve salt sensitivity; thus, we examined the effect of azilsartan on sodium handling in renal tubules. Subtotal nephrectomized C5...

ANG (1-7) contributes to the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in male experimental animals. Females have greater ANG (1-7) concentrations than males; however, the contribution of ANG (1-7) to ARB-mediated decreases in BP in females is unknown. The current study tested the hypothesis that female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have a larger ANG (1...

Impaired flow-dependent, endothelium-mediated vasodilation is an early finding in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Experimental and some clinical studies observed that angiotensin type-1 receptor antagonists (AT1A) enhance endothelium-dependent relaxation in CAD. The present study was designed to determine whether AT1A improves flow-dependent dilation (FDD) in patients with CAD and,...

BACKGROUND Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), including olmesartan and candesartan, are widely used antihypertensive agents. Many clinical studies have demonstrated that ARBs have organ-protecting effects, e.g., cardioprotection, vasculoprotection and renoprotection. However, the effect of prolonged olmesartan monotherapy on lipid metabolism in patients with hypertension is less well stud...

The present study was performed to investigate the possible correlation between the effects of candesartan cilexetil (3 mg/kg b.w.) and garlic; allium sativum (100 mg/kg b.w.) alone and in combination on high cholesterol diet (HCD) male mice . Candesartan cilexetil alone and their combination with garlic were given orally to animals fed on hypercholesterolemic diet by gavage for 12 weeks . Resu...

Circulating aldosterone concentrations occasionally increase after initial suppression with angiotensin II (Ang II) converting enzyme inhibitors or Ang II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs), a phenomenon referred to as aldosterone breakthrough. However, the underlying mechanism causing the aldosterone breakthrough remains unknown. Here we investigated whether aldosterone breakthrough occurs in hum...

BACKGROUND Proteinuria and hypertension have independent deleterious effects on the progression of chronic renal disease. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the addition of Candesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, would reduce proteinuria and blood pressure in normotensive patients with chronic renal disease already receiving an angiotensin converting enzyme inhib...

The objective of the present study was to determine the autonomic effects of angiotensin II (AT(1)) receptor blocker therapy in heart failure. In a randomized double-blind cross-over study, we compared the effects of candesartan and placebo on baroreflex sensitivity and on heart rate variability at rest, during stress and during 24 h monitoring. Acute effects were assessed 4 h after oral candes...