Most fish swim by the rhythmic passage of a wave of lateral displacement from head to tail, thereby developing a reactive thrust from the water which pushes the fish forward (Marey, 1894). Breder (1926) classified this type of swimming into different modes according to how much of the body performs undulations. In the anguilliform (eel-like) mode most or all of the body is flexible and particip...

This paper presents a strategy to find an optimal gait for the model of the biomimetic swimmer developed at Caltech to transit forward minimizing control effort, or the integral of squared angular acceleration of the two joints. According to the previous works, it is accepted that a series of sinusoidal-type gaits generates forward transition. Using this sinusoidal gaits as initial guess for op...

We employ numerical simulation to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of anguilliform locomotion and compare it with that of carangiform swimming as the Reynolds number (Re) and the tail-beat frequency (Strouhal number, St) are systematically varied. The virtual swimmer is a 3-D lamprey-like flexible body undulating with prescribed experimental kinematics of anguilliform type. Simulations ...

We examine the connection between physiology and wavy kinematics of carangiform swimmers, such as Jack, Tuna, Sunfish. Using high-fidelity numerical simulations for flows over Jack Fish models obtained through reconstruction high-speed images real natural it was revealed that undulation with larger wavelengths improves hydrodynamic performance swimmer in terms better thrust production by caudal...

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In fishes the shape of the body and the swimming mode generally are correlated. Slender-bodied fishes such as eels, lampreys, and many sharks tend to swim in the anguilliform mode, in which much of the body undulates at high amplitude. Fishes with broad tails and a narrow caudal peduncle, in contrast, tend to swim in the carangiform mode, in which the tail undulates at high amplitude. Such fish...

This paper provides analytical insights into the hypothesis that fish exploit resonance to reduce the mechanical cost of swimming. A simple body-fluid fish model, representing carangiform locomotion, is developed. Steady swimming at various speeds is analysed using optimal gait theory by minimizing bending moment over tail movements and stiffness, and the results are shown to match with data fr...

Fish propelled by body and/or caudal fin (BCF) locomotion can achieve high-efficiency and high-speed swimming performance, changing their motion to interact with external fluids. This flexural be prescribed through its curvature profile. work indicates that when the fish swims high efficiency, amplitude reaches a maximum at peduncle. In case of swimming, shows three maxima on entire length. It ...