Antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon in which antibiotic used to treat bacteria becomes useless due to resistance mechanism. Increased drug resistance and occurrence of Multiple Drug Resistance in bacteria specificity nosocomial and Urinary Tract Infection bacteria has reduced the possibilities of treating these infectious diseases. Efflux pumps are one of the major mechanism of MDR in bacteri...

PLK4 is the major kinase driving centriole duplication. Duplication occurs only once per cell cycle, forming one new (or daughter) centriole that is tightly engaged to the preexisting (or mother) centriole. Centriole engagement is known to block the reduplication of mother centrioles, but the molecular identity responsible for the block remains unclear. Here, we show that the centriolar cartwhe...

Cartwheel cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) are glycinergic inhibitory interneurons which form synapses on principal neurons and among themselves. Their activity is characterized by the presence of the complex spike, a brief burst of highfrequency spikes riding on a slow depolarization. The feedforward inhibition mediated by cartwheel cells prominently shapes the response of DCN princi...

The present study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and investigated the characteristics of hemodynamic responses oxy-Hb deoxy-Hb during motor imagery action observation for whole-body movements. Sixteen female participants performed tasks under two conditions: observation. Each condition included three movement gymnastics: (1) forward roll, (2) backward (3) cartwheel. Under b...

antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon in which antibiotic used to treat bacteria becomes useless due to resistance mechanism. increased drug resistance and occurrence of multiple drug resistance in bacteria specificity nosocomial and urinary tract infection bacteria has reduced the possibilities of treating these infectious diseases. efflux pumps are one of the major mechanism of mdr in bacteri...

Centrioles/basal bodies have a characteristic cylindrical structure consisting of nine triplet microtubules arranged in a rotational symmetry. How this elaborate structure is formed is a major unanswered question in cell biology [1, 2]. We previously identified a 170 kDa coiled-coil protein essential for the centriole formation in Chlamydomonas. This protein, Bld10p, is the first protein shown ...

We compute radial color gradients produced by an outwardly propagating circular wave of star formation and compare our results with color gradients observed in the classical ring galaxy, the “Cartwheel”. We invoke two independent models of star formation in the ring galaxies. The first one is the conventional density wave scenario, in which an intruder galaxy creates a radially propagating dens...

BACKGROUND Centrioles are cylindrical microtubule-based structures whose assembly is critical for the formation of cilia, flagella, and centrosomes. The centriole proximal region harbors a cartwheel that dictates the 9-fold symmetry of centrioles. Although the cartwheel architecture has been recently analyzed, how it connects to the peripheral microtubules is not understood. More generally, a h...

Centrioles are cylindrical structures that are usually composed of nine triplets of microtubules (MTs) organized around a cartwheel-shaped structure. Recent studies have proposed a structural model of the SAS-6-based cartwheel, yet we do not know the molecular detail of how the cartwheel participates in centriolar MT assembly. In this study, we demonstrate that the human microcephaly protein, C...

Endocannabinoids (ECs) act as retrograde messengers that enable postsynaptic cells to regulate the strength of their synaptic inputs. Here, by using physiological and histological techniques, we showed that, unlike in other parts of the brain, excitatory inputs are more sensitive than inhibitory inputs to EC signaling in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), an auditory brainstem nucleus. The prin...