Whereas in most of Europe the decline of the grey partridge Perdix perdix is due primarily to agricultural intensification, the Pyrenean grey partridge P. p. hispaniensis is believed to suffer from the opposite effect, namely the abandonment of agricultural practices which allows the encroachment of dense shrublands. We investigated habitat use by the Pyrenean grey partridge during the breeding...

mutannabi the well-known arab poet has dedicated many lines of his poetry to describing animals directly or indirectly. among the animals to whichmutanabbi has paid attention the horse has a very special status. most of the lines in which he has in some way described horses or horse riders are the lines about fights and battles in which the poet depicts the victories and bravery of the courageo...

A Catalan pair is a pair of binary relations (S,R) satisfying certain axioms. These objects are enumerated by the well-known Catalan numbers, and have been introduced in [DFPR] with the aim of giving a common language to most of the structures counted by Catalan numbers. Here, we give a simple method to pass from the recursive definition of a generic Catalan structure to the recursive definitio...

The population size of the Pyrenean brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) has declined from about 200 animals to 20 or even less during the past 40 years. Distribution covered the Pyrenean slopes from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean Sea but is now restricted to an area of about 800 km2 in the western French Pyrenees. This area includes a national park, which, however, covers only a small portion of th...

We show that the notion of parkization of a word, a variant of the classical standardization, allows to introduce an internal product on the Hopf algebra of parking functions. Its Catalan subalgebra is stable under this operation and contains the descent algebra as a left ideal.

When exotic species spread over novel environments, their phenotype will depend on a combination of different processes, including phenotypic plasticity (PP), local adaptation (LA), environmental maternal effects (EME) and genetic drift (GD). Few attempts have been made to simultaneously address the importance of those processes in plant invasion. The present study uses the well-documented inva...

Border disease virus (BDV) affects a wide range of ruminants worldwide, mainly domestic sheep and goat. Since 2001 several outbreaks of disease associated to BDV infection have been described in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) in Spain, France and Andorra. In order to reconstruct the most probable places of origin and pathways of dispersion of BDV among Pyrenean chamois, a phyl...

In the paper, the authors find some properties of the Catalan numbers, the Catalan function, and the Catalan-Qi function which is a generalization of the Catalan numbers. Concretely speaking, the authors present a new expression, asymptotic expansions, integral representations, logarithmic convexity, complete monotonicity, minimality, logarithmically complete monotonicity, a generating function...