bioleaching of spent refinery processing catalysts using adapted indigenous strains ofacidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to recover ni and mo, and the separation of ni from bioleaching liquor usingiron magnetic nanoparticles were optimized in this study. bioleaching optimization was performed usingcentral composite design (ccd) method to optimize temperature (32 to 38oc), initial ph (1.5 to 2), par...

The effect of the operating conditions (temperature, time, pH, enzyme level and pulp consistency) used in the enzymatic step of a XP (Cartazyme-hydrogen peroxide) sequence for bleaching Kraft pulp from bagasse on various properties of the resulting pulp and paper sheet products was studied. The quality of bagasse used, was examined by its yield, brightness,viscosity and the Kappa number. Finall...

The present work is an attempt to model, analyze, and control the flow at the base of an abruptly expanded circular duct by using design of experiments (DOE) and response surface methodology (RSM). Tiny-jets in the form of orifice were positioned at an interval of 900, 6.5 mm from the primary axis of the main jet of the nozzle. Experiments were conducted to measure two responses namely, base pr...

The measurement and prediction of dye concentration is important in the design, planning and management of wastewater treatment. Soft computing techniques can be used as a support tool for analyzing data and making prediction. In this study, Central Composite Design (CCD) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) are employed to identify and predict the output intensity ratio of light t...

Thermal cracking of a heavy liquid hydrocarbon was performed in a laboratory scale tubular reactor. Central Composite Design (CCD), was used as an experimental design method. The design variables were Coil Outlet Temperature (COT), feed flow and rate steam ratio. Maximum yield of ethylene was 30.37 wt% at COT, residence time and steam ratio of 869oC, 0.208 s and 1.22 g/g, respect...

poly(vinylidene fluoride) (pvdf) nanofibers were prepared via electrospinning process. several different factors influence on this process and application of experimental design for its optimization is of great importance. the central composite design (ccd) was used for planning and optimizing of the experiments and also, the analysis of variance (anova) was employed for the statistical validat...

inulin is widely used in functional foods throughout the world for its health-promoting and technological properties. helianthus tuberosus is cultivated widely in the northern part of iran. helianthus tuberosus can be a valuable source of inulin. to optimize conventional extraction of inulin, various combinations of time, temperature, and solvent: solid ratio, were used. in this research, a ser...

The acid-catalyzed pre-treatment esterification process is required for low-cost feedstock with high free fatty acids (FFAs) to avoid the saponification that occurs during alkali-catalyzed transesterification production of acid alkyl esters (FAAE). Reverse hydrolysis in causes a decrease methyl ester (FAME) yield. Therefore, must be intensified. This study aims develop and optimize low-temperat...