OBJECTIVE Children with epilepsy often have reorganization of language networks and abnormal brain anatomy, making determination of language lateralization difficult. We characterized the proportion and distribution of language task activation in the cerebellum to determine the relationship to cerebral language lateralization. METHODS Forty-six pediatric epilepsy surgery candidates (aged 7-19...

AIM Paediatric opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a poorly understood condition with long-term cognitive, behavioural, and motor sequelae. Neuroimaging has indicated cerebellar atrophy in the chronic phase, but this alone may not explain the cognitive sequelae seen in many children with OMS. This study aimed to determine the extent of structural change throughout the brain that may underpin...

A 34-year-old man developed since age 18 years epilepsia partialis continua followed over the years by progressive ataxic hemiparesis involving the left side (figure 1). Structural cerebral abnormalities, mitochondrial diseases, and known autoimmune disorders were excluded. Cerebral MRI showed progressive right cerebral and crossed left cerebellar hemiatrophy (figure 2, A and B). Tractography o...

Purpose: Chronic subjective tinnitus may arise from aberrant functional coupling between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex. To explore this hypothesis, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to illuminate the functional connectivity network of the cerebellar regions in chronic tinnitus patients and controls. Methods: Resting-state fMRI scans were obtained from 2...

Evidence suggests that the cerebellum contributes to cognition as well as motor function. We investigated cerebellar grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes from magnetic resonance images in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Alzheimer׳s disease (AD) and healthy older subjects using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Subjects (39 controls, 41 DLB, and 48 AD) underwent magnetic resonance imagin...

Brain imaging in Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY) (KS), a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of an extra X chromosome, may contribute to understanding the relationship between gene expression, brain structure, and subsequent cognitive disabilities and psychiatric disorders. We conducted the largest to date voxel-based morphometry study of 65 KS subjects and 65 controls matched for age...

BACKGROUND Although minor motor and sensory deficits, or neurological soft signs (NSS), are a well-established finding in schizophrenia, the cerebral changes underlying these signs are only partly understood. We therefore investigated the cerebral correlates of NSS by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHOD Forty-two patients, all rec...

Objectives Gay matter (GM) involvement is clinically relevant in multiple sclerosis (MS). Using source-based morphometry (SBM), we characterized GM atrophy and its 1-year evolution across different MS phenotypes. Methods Clinical MRI data were obtained at 8 European sites from 170 healthy controls (HCs) 398 patients with (34 isolated syndrome [CIS], 226 relapsing-remitting [RRMS], 95 secondary ...

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis is an invasive disease caused by fungi. Diabetes mellitus and solid organ transplantation are known risk factors, while it increasingly recognized in patients with COVID-19 although the exact causal relationship unknown. Early diagnosis treatment liposomal amphotericin B surgical debridement carries a better outcome these patients. We present case of extensiv...

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) show neuropsychological impairments ranging from vigilance decrements, attentional lapses and memory gaps to decreased motor coordination, but their cognitive profile, and the origin of the impairments, remain unclear. We sought to establish the neuropsychological profile of 16 newly diagnosed apneics and to highlight both their morphological and func...