OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to compare the associations of state-referenced and federal poverty measures with states' infant and child mortality rates. METHODS Compressed mortality and Current Population Survey data were used to examine relationships between mortality and (1) state-referenced poverty (percentage of children below half the state median income) and (2) perce...

BACKGROUND Guinea Bissau is one of the poorest countries in the world, with one of the highest under-5 mortality rate. Despite its importance for policy planning, data on child mortality are often not available or of poor quality in low-income countries like Guinea Bissau. Our aim in this study was to use the baseline survey to estimate child mortality in rural villages in southern Guinea Bissa...

Background: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which apart from measuring the socio-economic development of countries can predict health outcomes. The current study aimed at determination of the effects of HDI individual components on infant and child mortality. Materials and Methods: At a cross- sectional ...

INTRODUCTION From 1990-2010, worldwide child mortality declined by 43%, and maternal mortality declined by 40%. This paper compares two sources of progress: improvements in societal coverage of health determinants versus improvements in the impact of health determinants as a result of technical change. METHODS This paper decomposes the progress made by 146 low- and middle-income countries (LM...

Background Maternal and child mortality rates in Indonesia have stagnated and even tend to increase for infant mortality, especially in areas with geographical barriers such as eastern Indonesia. Integrated approach in health planning process needs to be established to improve the planning capacity and to maximise potential collaboration between health-related stakeholders. This study aimed to ...

Large rural-urban child mortality differentials in many developing countries suggest that rural families can improve their children's survival chances by leaving the countryside and settling in towns and cities. This study uses data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 17 countries to assess the impact of maternal rural-urban migration on the survival chances of children under age two in the ...

background and aims: the study investigated mortality rates of children in west area of isfahan province in 2006-2012. methods: this cross- sectional study performed in a seven- years period by using information received from isfahan health center on neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate,under 5 years mortality rate in the west of isfahan province. results: the results showed that the ...

Non-nested hypothesis tests are used to rank eight widely used international per capita income and poverty measures with respect to how well they predict changes in capabilities: lower child mortality, higher enrollment rates, better nutrition, etc. National accounts based generally out-perform survey-based growth and poverty estimates in these tests. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

As cities of developing nations absorb an increasing fraction of the world's population increase, questions have arisen about the potential for emerging inequalities in health within places that are already suffering from inadequate infrastructure. In this paper we explore the pattern of child mortality inequalities (as a proxy for overall health levels) within a large sub-Saharan African city-...

We review sources of bias which can affect non-randomized cohort studies of non-specific effects of vaccines on child mortality. Using examples from the literature on non-specific effects, we describe different sources of selection and information bias, and, where possible, outline analysis strategies to mitigate or eliminate such biases.