OBJECTIVES To analyse how economic downturns affect child mortality both globally and among subgroups of countries of variable income levels. DESIGN Retrospective observational study using economic data from the World Bank's Development Indicators and Global Development Finance (2013 edition). Child mortality data were sourced from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. SETTING Gl...

At the current mortality levels, 1 in every 21 Nepalese children dies before reaching the age of one year, while 1 in every 16 children does not survive to the fifth birthday (1). Nepal has achieved a spectacular success in reducing child mortality in recent decades; however, much must be done to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG). Among different factors, the nutritional status of c...

tions to address vitamin A deficiency (by increasing frequent low-level vitamin A intakes) together with continued targeted use of high-dose VACs for those who would benefit. However, we would again like to stress that, since VACs are distributed to 1–5-year-old children, they are not relevant to the majority of under 5-year-old deaths (U5MR), which are predominantly in the first few months of ...

This study considers uncertainty about the number of surviving children. Under prohibition of child labor, a higher survival probability of a child can increase opportunities for education investment as the fertility rate declines with a temporary increase in the number of surviving children. However, per capita GDP may decrease until the start of education investment. When people accumulate th...

BACKGROUND A number of data sets show that high parity births are associated with higher child mortality than low parity births. The reasons for this relationship are not clear. In this paper we investigate whether high parity is associated with lower coverage of key health interventions that might lead to increased mortality. METHODS We used DHS data from 10 high fertility countries to exami...

This paper generates and analyses survey data on inequalities in mortality among infants and children aged under five years by consumption in Brazil, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nepal, Nicaragua, Pakistan, the Philippines, South Africa, and Viet Nam. The data were obtained from the Living Standards Measurement Study and the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Mortality rates were estimated...

background: although many efforts made for the advancement of medical science, it is distributed inequitably despite of all existing financial and human resources facilities. children as the most important and vulnerable groups of society are influenced by these inequities. the objective of this study is comparison of children health indices in rich and poor rural zones in mashhad/iran. methods...

background: although numerous studies have found deleterious effects of inbreeding on childhood and pre-reproductive mortality, one question remains inadequately addressed: dose inbreeding lead to increased childhood mortality rates in countries with high level of consanguinity? methods: to evaluate the public health impact of inbreeding on offspring mortality, the association between mean of i...

This paper investigates the impact of kin on child survival in a matrilineal society in Malawi. Women usually live in close proximity to their matrilineal kin in this agricultural community, allowing opportunities for helping behavior between matrilineal relatives. However, there is little evidence that matrilineal kin are beneficial to children. On the contrary, child mortality rates appear to...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of child-resistant packaging in reducing the mortality rate from the unintentional ingestion of aspirin for children younger than 5 years. DESIGN Estimates of the annual aspirin-related mortality rate for children younger than 5 years in the United States were developed for the 1958-1990 study period. A multivariate negative binomial regression model wa...