background: among chronic non-communicable diseases (cncds), the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is more prominent. cncds origin in early life; with sedentary habits, notably prolonged screen time (st), leisure time spent on watching tv and working computer, suggested as one of their risk factors. we aimed to investigate the relationship between st and cardiometabolic risk fa...

introduction: hospitalized children are often at increased risk of nutritional impairment at or during admission.   objectives: the aims of this study were to (1) define the nutritional state of hospitalized children with comparison to healthy children in two different countries and (2) compare and contrast three nutritional risk screening (nrs) tools for hospitalized children in terms of the e...

Background: Malnutrition is responsible for one third of the mortality rate among children less than 5 years old. Worldwide, 54% of the child deaths are due to malnutrition and the caseload in Pakistan is equal to 46%. In the current study, we attempted to identify the possible risk factors related to malnutrition among6-59-month children in Pakpattan, Punjab province. Methods: A total of 500 s...

Background: Thromboembolism (TE) in pediatric population is rare but may be a fatal situation. There is a lack of clinical guidelines to help decision making for the use of prophylactic measures in pediatrics. This study was designed to evaluate current guidelines and risk factors for the prevention of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE) in children. Materials and Methods: Th...

background: hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection causes chronic infection in human population, with high mortality. one of the high risk communities is mentally retarded children, who are institutionalized. special conditions in these centers predispose children for hbv infection and transmission to healthy people. in this study our objective was to determine the prevalence of hbv infection among ...