Chemical studies of the blood and urine of four dogs following pyloric obstruction are reported. The observations of other workers that a fall in chlorides and a rise in CO(2)-combining power of the plasma occur, are confirmed. There is also a marked rise in the non-protein nitrogen of the blood, consisting mainly of urea nitrogen and undetermined nitrogen. The fall in chlorides is not due to t...

1. In acute experimental hydronephrosis chloride retention occurs as well as retention of water, urea, and phenolsulfonephthalein. 2. If both water and chlorides are retained there may be no appreciable rise in the plasma chloride content. 3. When chlorides are retained, but not water, the chloride content of the plasma rises strikingly. 4. After the removal of the ureteral obstruction in acute...

An efficient and practical protocol for palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative arylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acids with aryl chlorides has been developed. Note that the reaction could proceed smoothly without an additive in aqueous medium under an ambient atmosphere, and the addition of H2O could effectively promote the decarboxylative arylation. Particularly noteworthy is that ...

Conditions are reported for the facile, high-yielding coupling of acyl chlorides with terminal alkynes in a reaction involving palladium and copper iodide; the reaction is tolerant of a wide variety of acyl chlorides and terminal alkynes and provides a convenient one-pot route to acetylenic ketones.

The first method for achieving alkyl–alkyl Suzuki reactions of unactivated secondary alkyl chlorides has been developed. Carbon–carbon bond formation occurs under mild conditions (at room temperature) with the aid of commercially available catalyst components. This method has proved to be versatile: without modification, it can be applied to Suzuki reactions of secondary and primary alkyl bromi...

The catalytic performance of various metal chlorides in the conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid in liquid water at high temperatures was investigated. The effects of reaction parameters on the yield of levulinic acid were also explored. The results showed that alkali and alkaline earth metal chlorides were not effective in conversion of cellulose, while transition metal chlorides, especia...

A simple sensing ensemble was designed to discriminate structurally similar divalent metal chlorides utilizing multivariate data analysis. The system features the binding of four synthesized coumarin-enamine probes to a series of ten metal chlorides. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) achieves what univariate data analysis alone cannot i.e., full analyte discrimination and differentiation.

A well-defined N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II)-1-methylimidazole [NHC-Pd(II)-Im] complex 1 was found to be an effective catalyst for the Mizoroki-Heck reaction of a variety of aryl chlorides with styrenes. Both activated and deactivated aryl chlorides work well to give the corresponding coupling products in good to excellent yields by using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as the ionic li...

Abstr&---A general valence force field for secondary chlorides has been refined which includes torsional force constants based on assignments of low frequency modes in model compounds. This force field also incorporates force constants related to observed intermolecular interactions. The good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies indicates that this force field will be useful in...