Just as circuit theory breaks complex electrical circuits into simpler components, a new framework does the same for chemical reaction networks, providing tools to simplify analysis of molecule and energy flow.

Useful Matlab Commands • help plot: gives help on the command plot. • t=-5:0.01:5: this generates a vector with elements from -5 to 5, with a stepsize of 0.01. • x=cos(t): this generates a vector of values of cos corresponding to the values of t in the vector t. • plot(t,x): plot the cos-function. • z=3+1j*5 or z=3+5j: The complex number z = 3 + 5i. • abs(z),angle(z): modulus and phase of the c...

This work generalizes and extends the classical circuit theory of electromagnetic waveguides. Unlike the conventional theory, the present formulation applies to all waveguides composed of linear, isotropic material, even those involving lossy conductors and hybrid mode fields, in a fully rigorous way. Special attention is given to distinguishing the traveling waves, constructed with respect to ...

We develop a new causal powernormalized waveguide equivalent-circuit theory that, unlike its predecessors, results in network parameters usable in both the frequency and time domains in a broad class of waveguides. Enforcing simultaneity of the voltages, currents, and fields and a power normalization fixes all of the parameters of the new theory within a single normalization factor, including b...