this study examined whether processing ambiguous sentences containing relative clauses (rcs) following a complex determiner phrase (dp) by persian-speaking learners of l2 english with different proficiency and working memory capacities (wmcs) is affected by semantic priming. the semantic relationship studied was one between the subject/verb of the main clause and one of the dps in the complex d...

This paper discusses Japanese discourse in the Centering framework, by analyzing what we call the ‘forwardlooking centers’ in Japanese complex sentences containing an adverbial clause of reason. Naturally occurring discourse was collected for this research, and a hypothesis is made that, at least in headfinal languages, the forward-looking centers in the matrix clause are ranked higher, by usin...

This paper presents results from a production experiment in Hindi, showing that differences in attachment site of object relative clauses result in prosodic differences when the antecedent of the relative clause (RC) is part of a complex NP with the structure N1 of N2. In particular, based on duration and F0 data we argue that the phrasing in a matrix sentence encodes the attachment site of the...

A learning algorithm for the class of inequated range restricted Horn expressions is presented and proved correct. The main property of this class is that all the terms in the conclusion of a clause appear in the antecedent of the clause, possibly as subterms of more complex terms. And every clause includes in its antecedent all inequalities possible between all terms appearing in it. The algor...

This paper investigates the development of relative clauses in the speech of one German-speaking child aged 2 ; 0 to 5 ; 0. The earliest relative clauses we found in the data occur in topicalization constructions that are only a little different from simple sentences: they contain a single proposition, express the actor prior to other participants, assert new information and often occur with ma...

The most perspicuous phenomenon that demonstrates the head-final property of Japanese is the sentence-final clusters of auxiliary verbs such as (s)ase and conjunctive particles nagara. Although they are related to the hierarchical clause structure that has been discussed in the literature of Japanese linguistics, the hierarchical complexities have also been one of the major causes of the failur...

This paper proposes and discusses issues on local and global text structures, all of them being connected to a lexical concept of predication. The main contributions of the present work comprise: (a) A novel functional X-bar (FX-bar) scheme is advised, aiming to reveal, model and relate the local, clause-level markers and text structures. (b) At global level, two FX-bar schemes are proposed, on...

a contractual relationship is commonly based on statements, expectations, acts and omissions out of which some will, and others will not, give rise to contractual obligations. to avoid uncertainty as to what is agreed, the contract parties often enter into a written contract that is supposed to express the final agreement between them and prevent the parties from relying on rights and obligatio...