THIS SURVEY HIGHLIGHTS SOME important trends in AI research and development, focusing on perceiving and affecting the real world. We will primarily address robotics, but we certainly don’t intend to imply that this is the only important area of AI research and development in the 21st century. We see tremendous importance in the continuing work in such areas as data mining, learning, knowledge r...

Binocular gaze was measured accurately under natural conditions with the Maryland Revolving Field Monitor to determine how visual-clarity affects gaze-accuracy. The gaze of 3 unrestrained, seated subjects (2 presbyopes and 1 myope) was recorded as they tapped 4 LEDs with a long, narrow rod cemented to a thimble worn on their index fingers. They wore positive contact lenses, permitting very clea...

In 1998, researchers at the University of Maryland discovered a new disease of creeping bentgrass caused by an unidentified species of Ophiosphaerella. Through morphological and molecular study, it was shown that the pathogen constituted a new species, Ophiosphaerella agrostis, and the disease was named bentgrass dead spot. Subsequently, O. agrostis was found in Texas and Florida causing dead s...