Introduction Among women ages 15–44, 6.7 million have impaired ability to have children, 1.5 million are infertile, and 7.4 million have used infertility services in their lifetime (www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/fertile.htm). Now more than ever, women are having their fertility manipulated by reproductive endocrinology clinics and are undergoing multiple cycles without knowing the long-term effects ...

Clomiphene citrate is capable of interacting with estrogen-receptor-containing tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, vagina, and cervix. It may compete with estrogen for estrogen-receptor-binding sites and may delay replenishment of intracellular estrogen receptors. Clomiphene citrate initiates a series of endocrine events culminating in a preovulatory gonadotropin...

Ovarian epithelial dysplasia was initially described in material from prophylactic oophorectomies for BReast CAncer gene (BRCA) mutation. Similar histopathological abnormalities have been revealed after ovulation stimulation. Given that tamoxifen (TAM) has a clomid-like effect and is sometimes used to induce ovulation, we studied the morphological features and immunohistochemical expression pat...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether clomiphene citrate (CC) can be implicated as a cause for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and other visual disturbances. METHODS For this systematic review, we performed a search of the following databases: PubMed (1976 to November 2009), Medline Plus 2009, Cochrane Library (1996 to November 2009), Google and Google Scholar (1996 to November 2009). Thirty-...

Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid, Serophene) was introduced into clinical medicine for the treatment of anovulation in the 1960’s. Its introduction represented a major breakthrough in the medical management for ovulation induction. Prior to Clomiphene, patients with PCOS who were anovulatory had few options besides weight loss and surgical wedge resection of the ovaries. While wedge resection was suc...

Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid, Serophene) was introduced into clinical medicine for the treatment of anovulation in the 1960’s. Its introduction represented a major breakthrough in the medical management for ovulation induction. Prior to Clomiphene, patients with PCOS who were anovulatory had few options besides weight loss and surgical wedge resection of the ovaries. While wedge resection was suc...

On Fertile Hope’s website, Cathy, who at 35 was diagnosed with cervical cancer, shared her feelings and thoughts about her double diagnosis of cancer and infertility. At the time of her cancer diagnosis, Cathy had been married for 3 years and she and her husband had been trying to conceive for 2 years. Following their first attempt using Clomid and insemination, Cathy got pregnant with twins. T...

Bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancies are rare occurrences. Two recently managed cases are discussed. The first was a single, sexually active 23-year-old nullipara with family history of twinning who presented with eight weeks amenorrhea, positive pregnancy test, lower abdominal discomfort and other clinical and ultrasound findings suggestive of unruptured left tubal pregnancy. Intra-operatively,...

Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid, Serophene) was introduced into clinical medicine for the treatment of anovulation in the 1960’s. Its introduction represented a major breakthrough in the medical management for ovulation induction. Prior to Clomiphene, patients with PCOS who were anovulatory had few options besides weight loss and surgical wedge resection of the ovaries. While wedge resection was suc...