While aging is associated with increased knowledge, it is also associated with decreased semantic integration. To investigate brain activation changes during semantic integration, a sample of forty-eight 25-75 year-old adults read sentences with high cloze (HC) and low cloze (LC) probability while functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted. Significant age-related reduction of cloze ef...

Cloze questions are questions containing sentences with one or more blanks and multiple choices listed to pick an answer from. In this work, we present an automatic Cloze Question Generation (CQG) system that generates a list of important cloze questions given an English article. Our system is divided into three modules: sentence selection, keyword selection and distractor selection. We also pr...

This paper discusses the implementation and evaluation of automatically generated cloze questions in the style of the definitions found in Collins COBUILD English language learner’s dictionary. The definitions and the cloze questions are used in an automated reading tutor to help second and third grade students learn new vocabulary. A parser provides syntactic phrase structure trees for the def...

This research sought to investigate the relationship between simultaneous interpreters’ oral cloze performance, their emotional intelligence, and gender. In other words, the study tried to predict the variability in performance on simultaneous interpreting (SI) oral cloze test based on the variability in gender, emotional quotient (EQ) and its subscales. To this end, a number of seventy partici...

s. No studies have investigated whether the writing of certain transformations can predict comprehension of prose written in them. In studying this possibility, 90 subjects, 30 from each grade level, were asked to read three major prose forms, each written in three transformed versions, and to Reprints may be requested from Ronald V. Evans, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida. by gue...

We propose a method to generate high-quality cloze test questions using a computational approach. Previous methods for automatic cloze test generation have contained some problems; specifically, there can be multiple correct answers. We found that approximately 50% of the generated answers have such errors with previous methods, which requires human post-editing was necessary in previous resear...

Multiple-choice cloze items constitute a prominent tool for assessing students’ competency in using the vocabulary of a language correctly. Without a proper estimation of students’ competency in using vocabulary, it will be hard for a computer-assisted language learning system to provide course material tailored to each individual student’s needs. Computer-assisted item generation allows the cr...

This paper studies the problem of automated educational test generation. We describe a procedure for generating cloze test items from Russian-language text, which consists of three steps: sentence splitting, sentence filtering, and question generation. The sentence filtering issue is discussed as an application of automatic summarization techniques. We describe a simple experimental system whic...

This article reports on case-study research which explored English as a second language (ESL) learners’ perceptions of the role played by the literary cloze activity in the development of their language and literary awareness. The subjects, four students from a variety of language, culturaland literarybackgrounds, attended a semester-long university ESL subject which adopted a language-based ap...

Cloze test is widely adopted in language exams to evaluate students’ language proficiency. In this paper, we propose the first large-scale human-designed cloze test dataset CLOTH 1, in which the questions were used in middle-school and high-school language exams. With the missing blanks carefully created by teachers and candidate choices purposely designed to be confusing, CLOTH requires a deep...