Clustering provides an effective way for prolong5 ing the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Current clus6 tering algorithms usually utilize two techniques, selecting 7 cluster heads with more residual energy and rotating clus8 ter heads periodically, to distribute the energy consumption 9 among nodes in each cluster and extend the network lifetime. 10 However, they rarely consider the hot ...

Network lifetime improvement and uncertainty in multiple systems are the issues of wireless sensor network routing. This paper presents fuzzy based particle swarm optimization routing technique to improve the network scalability. Significantly, in the cluster formation procedure, fuzzy based system is used to solve the uncertainty and network balancing. Cluster heads play an important role to r...

LEACH is the most popular clastering algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, it has two main drawbacks, including random selection of cluster heads, and direct communication of cluster heads with the sink. This paper aims to introduce a new centralized cluster-based routing protocol named LEACH-AEC (LEACH with Adaptive Energy Consumption), which guarantees to generate balanced cl...

Clustering provides an efficient management method and energy balancing scheme for ad-hoc sensor networks. Cluster head is the most important role in a cluster and it acts as a local data coordinator and maintains cluster information. Once malicious nodes or lower energy nodes are selected as cluster heads, the system would be greatly affected. Thus selection of trusted cluster heads with prope...

Unsupervised competitive learning algorithms for clustering of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks are evaluated with a large scale data set in this paper. The Centroid Neural Network (CNN) is compared with Fuzzy c-Means (FCM) algorithm in determining cluster heads among given sensor nodes. The cluster heads are combined with Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) for minimizing ...

2 Minimization of the number of cluster heads in a wireless sensor network is a very important problem to reduce channel contention and to improve the efficiency of the algorithm when executed at the level of cluster-heads. This paper proposes a Self Organizing Sensor (SOS) network based on an intelligent clustering algorithm which does not require many user defined parameters and random select...

Minimization of the number of cluster heads in a wireless sensor network is a very important problem to reduce channel contention and to improve the efficiency of the algorithm when executed at the level of cluster-heads. This paper proposes a Self Organizing Sensor (SOS) network based on an intelligent clustering algorithm which does not require many user defined parameters and random selectio...

Data aggregation protocols are implemented in resource constrained wireless sensor networks to eliminate redundant data transmission for improving bandwidth utilization and energyefficiency of sensor nodes. This paper presents a secure differential data aggregation (SDDA) protocol for wireless cluster-based sensor networks. SDDA prevents redundant data transmission from sensor nodes to cluster-...

In cluster-based routing protocol (CBRP), two-level hierarchical structure is successfully used to reduce over-flooding in wireless ad hoc networks. As it is vulnerable to a single point of failure , we propose a new adaptive distributed threshold scheme to replace the cluster head by a group of cluster heads within each cluster, called COUNCIL, and distribute the service of single cluster head...

Wireless sensor networks are comprised of geographically distributed sensors that collect and convey time-critical information without human intervention, making them particularly useful for military applications; however, network performance may be limited by the typically small energy supplies of the sensors. One strategy for dealing with limited energy storage in such networks is to allow se...