BACKGROUND In 2011, Tanzania adopted a policy for provision of daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis to HIV-infected pregnant women for prevention of malaria and other opportunistic infections. As per the policy, HIV-infected pregnant women should not be given sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive therapy. The challenges associated with this policy change and the extent to which...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective efficacy of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis against malaria in HIV exposed children (uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers) in Africa. DESIGN Non-blinded randomised control trial SETTING Tororo district, rural Uganda, an area of high malaria transmission intensity PARTICIPANTS 203 breastfeeding HIV exposed infants enrolled between 6 weeks and 9 m...

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) is one of the antimicrobials of choice for the treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. The analysis of mutants either lacking or overexpressing the efflux pump SmeDEF shows that this efflux pump contributes to intrinsic and acquired co-trimoxazole resistance in S. maltophilia. Since SmeDEF can extrude a variety of antibiotics, selecti...

Background: Previous studies have reported the antifertility activities of sulfonamides. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of co-trimoxazole and its co-administration with folic acid on ovarian tissue in female rats.Methods: A total of 54 rats were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=6). Group I served as the control and group II (vehicle) received saline. Other groups, III to IX, r...

BACKGROUND Cases of severe hypoglycaemia were reported in HIV/AIDS patients receiving high dose of the sulfonylurea co-trimoxazole for opportunistic infections. Whether co-trimoxazole at prophylactic dose would induce similar side effects is unknown. We aimed to investigate the acute effects of co-trimoxazole at prophylactic dose on glucose metabolism in healthy adults. METHODS We enrolled 20...

BACKGROUND Bacterial and viral respiratory tract infections may trigger relapses in patients with PR3-positive vasculitis. Data have suggested that treatment with co-trimoxazole may be beneficial, because this antibiotic could act by eliminating the offending microbe and thereby stopping the initiating stimulus. GOAL AND METHODS Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficac...

In The Gambia co-trimoxazole is used widely to treat children with an acute respiratory infection (ARI). Because malaria may sometimes be mistaken for ARI, some children with malaria are treated with co-trimoxazole. Therefore, we investigated the sensitivity of Gambian isolates of Plasmodium falciparum to this drug. Six days after the start of treatment with co-trimoxazole 3.3% of blood films o...