we performed a plankton survey of blood cockle larvae, anadara spp., and histological observations of the gonads of adult blood cockle, anadara granosa , in the coastal waters off sungai buloh, peninsular malaysia from october 2010 to april 2011. the histological observations indicated the main spawning period in both sexes was from november to march. in addition, the occurrence of blood cockle...

A tetraplex PCR method was developed for simultaneous detection of Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. mimicus in cockle samples in comparison with conventional culture method. Specific primers targeting ompW of V. cholerae, tl of V. parahaemolyticus, hsp60 of V. vulnificus and sodB of V. mimicus were employed in the same PCR. Detection limit of the tetraplex PCR assay wa...

Calcium oxide (CaO) as carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorbent at the elevated temperature has been very well-received thus far. The CaO can be synthesized from natural calcium carbonate (CaCO3) sources through the reversible calcination-carbonation process. In the study, cockle shell has been selected as CaO precursors. The objectives of the study are to investigate the performance of calcination and c...

Habitat-modifying organisms that impact other organisms and local functioning are important in determining ecosystem resilience. However, it is often unclear how the outcome of interactions performed by key species varies depending on the spatial and temporal disturbance context which makes the prediction of disturbance-driven regime shifts difficult. We investigated the strength and generality...