Group dynamics features are important factors for improving farmers’ socio-economic status. This study focused on the effect of group dynamics features on the socio-economic status of cocoa farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 93 cocoa farmers for the study. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results showed ...

The strong climatic fluctuation observed during the major cocoa production period with reductions in rainfall and rising temperatures lead to a low graining index. This situation makes marketing difficult for producers. stability of quantitative productivity parameters six cacao clones on farm was analyzed main season. Flowering, average pod weight, number beans per pod, bean size, index were a...

Economic Growth Is The Thing That Gets Most Attention, Because One Of People's Welfare Achieved If Good. Comes From Plantation Subsector. Sub-Sector Concern To Government Its Production Can Increase Country's Foreign Exchange, And Also Has A Great Opportunity Exports. This Study Used Qualitative Research Methods. Aims Review How Subsector Contributes Supporting Growth, Especially In North Sumat...

Mangroves (stretch of intertidal tropical and subtropical forests between inland coastal the sea) are being exploited at a rate that is unprecedented, there loss biodiversity because conflicting unsuitable uses. This study was aimed promoting protection mangrove associated within Tiko Limbe III municipalities in south western Cameroon, Central Africa via contribution buffer zone agroforestry. R...

The one of human effort increasing productivity and high quality cocoa is rehabilitating plant using materials with production resistant clones to Cocoa Pod Borer. common methods side budwood grafting technique. research objectives compare two technology for old plant, community empowerment in developing plants by means improve technical skills develop farmers Mamuju Regency. was conducted year...

Cocoa Swollen Shoot Disease (CSSD) due to badnavirus species is endemic in West Africa and has been causing significant irreversible economy losses for smallholder cocoa farmers infected areas Ghana Côte d’Ivoire. The impact of the disease on farmers’ livelihoods investigated at farm households level To this end, propensity score matching method was used construct a counterfactual compare group...

Aceh Tamiang District is currently developing cocoa plantations. The plantation management problem the high attack of Plant Pest Species, especially Cocoa Pod Borer (CPB), which causes productivity to decline. This study aimed determine percentage and intensity CPB pests attacks on research was carried out in three sub district District, Province. location determined purposively. selected garde...

Cameroon plans to double its cocoa production in the coming decade line with international requirements for sustainable and deforestation-free cocoa. Private certification, which has developed considerably recent years, should help achieve this objective. Based on a literature review 63 individual interviews farmers, we identified four archetypes of using criteria plantation size, degree shade,...