Objective To review selected research in cognitive aging incorporating an individual differences approach. Method Three contributions of the individual differences perspective in cognitive aging are illustrated with data from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project. Results Research capitalizing on the variability among individuals has been used to: (a) improve sensitivity and validity of meas...

OBJECTIVES The effect of occupational characteristics on cognitive change over 20 years was examined. METHOD Occupational characteristics--intellectual challenge, physical hazards, and psychological demands--were assessed in the Glostrup 1914 Cohort when aged 60 years, and cognitive ability was assessed by 4 cognitive ability tests at ages 60, 70, and 80. RESULTS Individuals in more intelle...

I argue that we can reconcile two seemingly incompatible traditions for thinking about concepts. On the one hand, many cognitive scientists assume that the systematic redeployment of representational abilities suffices for having concepts. On the other hand, a long philosophical tradition maintains that language is necessary for genuinely conceptual thought. I argue that on a theoretically usef...

The purpose of this review is to summarize the key findings which prove that the biased perceptions of viewers may provide an inaccurate image of the informational validity of televised news. The news may generate distorted recollections of what occurred in particular reported events if displayed routines influence viewers not to pay attention to the essential features of a narrative. Elaborati...