The coinage of the Sasanian Empire (224-651 CE) is not only the most important primary source for its monetary and economic history, but also of greatest relevance for its history and art history.Coin hoards are of pivotal importance for studying Sasanian coinage. On August 29,2007,two jars were unearthed during the construction work for the new border sentry post of “Havār-Barxāh-loh” in the P...

This paper lashes out processes and methods of coinage used to set up a bilingual thematic lexicon (French-Yambetta). Yambeta is a not very known Cameroonian language. The cultural approach suggested by Marcel Diki-Kidiri and the others (2008) has enabled on one hand to analyze the conceptual content of the agricultural terms in French in order to specify what they refer to indeed; and on the o...

Using first-principles calculations, we model the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on nanoparticles of late-transition (Ni, Pd, Pt) and coinage (Cu, Ag, Au) metals. The process is analyzed in terms of the binding of mono- and diatomic carbon species, their diffusion pathways, and the stability of the growing CNT. We find that the diffusion pathways can be control...

Estimating global fluxes of precious metals is key to understanding early monetary systems. This work adds silver (Ag) to the metals (Pb and Cu) used so far to trace the provenance of coinage through variations in isotopic abundances. Silver, copper, and lead isotopes were measured in 91 coins from the East Mediterranean Antiquity and Roman world, medieval western Europe, 16th-18th century Spai...

Analyses of 71 Roman provincial silver coins of the Julio-Claudian emperors (27 BC–AD 68) minted at Caesarea in Cappadocia and Antioch and Tyre in Syria are discussed in this paper. The finenesses of the alloys are presented and it is proposed that there was a logical relationship between the standards used for Caesarea and Antioch. Trace element profiles and selected lead isotope analyses help...

Seven coinage metal(I) complexes bearing two different triazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, [1-tert-butyl-4-{2-[(N,N-dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl}-3-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium-5-ide and 1-tert-butyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium-5-ide], were synthesized and fully characterized in solution by NMR spectroscopy as well as in the solid state by X-ray diffracti...

The M-(η2-BMn) complex [(η5-C5H5)(OC)2Mn{μ-B(Cl)(tBu)Au(PPh3)}] (2) can be functionalized via halide substitution reactions to afford isostructural complexes [(η5-C5H5)(OC)2Mn{μ-B(R)(tBu)Au(PPh3)}] (R = Ph, CCPh and NCS). It also reacts with coinage metal complexes [MCl(PPh3)] (M = Au, Ag and Cu) in the presence of halide abstraction reagents to afford borylene-bridged heteromultinuclear comple...

For hundreds of years, supplies of coins in Europe emerged, via a curious mechanism, from voluntary decisions of owners of old coins and bullion to exchange them at mints for new coins. Mints were sometimes private enterprises, licensed to produce on demand a list of coins whose design and neness was speciied by the sovereign. Citizens were free to take metal to the mint 1 to purchase newly min...