OBJECTIVE The soft cervical collar has been prescribed for whiplash injury but has been shown to be clinically ineffective. As some authors report superior results for managing whiplash injury with a cervical brace, we were interested in comparing the mechanical effectiveness of the soft collar with a rigid cervical brace. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure ranges of motion in ...

The aim of our study was to investigate whether citronella-spray collars offer a humane alternative to electric-shock collars to reduce the barking of domestic dogs. The Aboistop collar was applied to seven dogs with problematic barking behaviour by the dogs' owners in a series of case studies concurrently run. Vocalisation of the dogs was recorded in the problem context under baseline conditio...

This paper examines how returns to education are related to occupation choices. Specifically, I investigate the returns to attending a two-year college and a four-year college and how these returns to education differ from a blue-collar occupation to a white-collar occupation. To address the endogenous education and occupation choices, I use a finite mixture model. I show how the finite mixture...

The aim of this paper is to discuss what happens when repeating a reconstruction the same textile. author article also craftsperson that made four reconstructions presented. original collar reconstructed belonged Tutankhamun. circular, woven in circle. Before reconstructions, method weaving circular shapes had not been described. first focused on collar. Fifteen years later, three additional we...

Occupational Status and Health Transitions We use longitudinal data from the 1984 through 2007 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to examine how occupational status is related to the health transitions of 30 to 59 year-old U.S. males. A recent history of blue-collar employment predicts a substantial increase in the probability of transitioning from very good into bad self-assessed heal...

Abstract Although there is a growing body of literature on the commuting pattern rural migrants in China, few studies have examined diversity behavior among workers with different occupations. The present research used 2015 Xiamen household travel survey to examine distances and times distinctive types city. results reveal differences behaviors socioeconomic groups, namely blue-collar, pink-col...